如何用ggplot复刻qgraph包centralityPlot生成的中心性图？

我想要复刻qgraph包中centralityPlot生成的中心性图，现有如下数据框：

temporal.dep.in <- structure(list(
  symptom = c("9", "8", "7", "6", "5", "4", "3", "2", "1"),
  lower_bound = c(0.209023862993771, -0.656057911395765, -0.144732954079441, -0.240150983834066, -2.09690619987396, -1.14713000698362, -1.78304406354482, -1.31269792892215, -1.04552934099257),
  mean = c(1.35359542511945, 0.546873106351184, 0.787717966105717, 0.42221064177518, -1.18693181743255, -0.284265955202698, -1.19008711707311, -0.377827032555581, -0.0712852170875892),
  upper_bound = c(1.9749871489344, 1.54642345677796, 1.46727206716789, 1.10712439281518, -0.0748008645128608, 0.812125575894532, -0.510038969136605, 0.587753574399307, 0.981045133733119)
), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, -9L))

目标图样式：每个症状对应一条垂直的置信区间线段，均值点用红色圆点标记，且所有均值点之间用红色折线连接。

目前用ggplot绘制的效果不理想，核心问题是无法将均值点用线连接，现有代码如下：

temporal.dep.in.plot <- ggplot(temporal.dep.in, aes(x = symptom)) +
  ylim(NA, 2.25) +
  geom_errorbar(
    aes(ymin = lower_bound, ymax = upper_bound),
    width = 0.4,
    color = "#56B4E9"
  ) +
  geom_segment(
    aes(y = lower_bound, yend = upper_bound, xend = symptom),
    linetype = "solid",
    color = "#2166AC",
    size = 6
  ) +
  geom_point(
    aes(y = mean),
    shape = 16,
    size = 9,
    color = "#D6604D"
  ) +
  theme_classic() +
  coord_flip() +
  ylab("Z-scores") + xlab("Symptoms")  +
  theme(axis.text.y = element_text(
    face = "bold",
    colour =  c(
      "#ff0000",
               "#ffaa00",
               "#aaff00",
               "#00ff00",
               "#00ffaa",
               "#00aaff",
               "#0000ff",
               "#aa00ff",
               "#ff00aa"
    ),
    size = 14
  ))

解决方案 #

无法连线的核心原因是未指定连线的分组（group=1），同时需要调整图层顺序让线显示在点下方。修改后的完整代码如下：

library(ggplot2)

temporal.dep.in.plot <- ggplot(temporal.dep.in, aes(x = symptom)) +
  ylim(NA, 2.25) +
  # 置信区间竖线（调整size避免过粗遮挡连线）
  geom_segment(
    aes(y = lower_bound, yend = upper_bound, xend = symptom),
    linetype = "solid",
    color = "#2166AC",
    size = 4
  ) +
  # 置信区间误差条
  geom_errorbar(
    aes(ymin = lower_bound, ymax = upper_bound),
    width = 0.4,
    color = "#56B4E9"
  ) +
  # 添加均值点连线：指定group=1确保所有点连为一条线，放在点之前避免遮挡
  geom_line(aes(y = mean, group = 1), color = "#D6604D", size = 1.5) +
  # 均值点
  geom_point(
    aes(y = mean),
    shape = 16,
    size = 9,
    color = "#D6604D"
  ) +
  theme_classic() +
  coord_flip() +
  ylab("Z-scores") + xlab("Symptoms")  +
  theme(axis.text.y = element_text(
    face = "bold",
    colour =  c(
      "#ff0000",
               "#ffaa00",
               "#aaff00",
               "#00ff00",
               "#00ffaa",
               "#00aaff",
               "#0000ff",
               "#aa00ff",
               "#ff00aa"
    ),
    size = 14
  ))

print(temporal.dep.in.plot)

关键修改说明 #

1. 添加geom_line(aes(y = mean, group = 1))：group=1告诉ggplot将所有点视为同一组，从而连成一条折线；
2. 调整图层顺序：将geom_segment和geom_errorbar放在最前面，geom_line放在geom_point之前，确保连线不会被点或粗竖线遮挡；
3. 减小geom_segment的size值（从6改为4），避免过粗的竖线挡住连线。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Jesse Wonnink