如何用.htaccess移除多个URL中的多余查询字符串？

需求说明 #

• 需要移除URL中所有非保留场景的查询字符串（包括参数和值）
• 需要处理的URL示例：

https://example.com/other-category-slug/page/15/?orderby=price-desc&add_to_wishlist=342 
https://example.com/page/62/?option=com_content&view=article&id=91&Itemid=2 
https://example.com/page/30/?start=72 
https://example.com/other-category-slug/page/12/?add_to_wishlist=9486  
https://example.com/other-category-slug/page/15/?add_to_wishlist=9486 
https://example.com/other-category-slug/page/4/?orderby=price-desc&add_to_wishlist=332 
https://example.com/other-category-slug/page/15/?orderby=price-desc&add_to_wishlist=5736 
https://example.com/other- category-slug/page/7/?orderby=popularity 
https://example.com/other-category-slug/page/15/?add_to_wishlist=350 
https://example.com/category-slug/page/19/?orderby=price-desc 
https://example.com/category-slug/page/3/?orderby=date 
https://example.com/page/2/?post_type=map 
https://example.com/category-slug/page/2/?PageSpeed=noscript 
https://example.com/category/page/6/?orderby=menu_order 
https://example.com/page/50/?Itemid=wzshaxrogq 
https://example.com/category-slug/page/1/?orderby=price&add_to_wishlist=12953 
https://example.com/category-slug/this-is-product-slug/?PageSpeed=noscript 
https://example.com/category-slug/?add_to_wishlist=15153 
https://example.com/page/24/?op 
https://example.com/page/68/?iact=hc&vpx=262&vpy=212&dur=2871&hovh=259&hovw=194&tx=104&ty=131&ei=KJ05TtKZOoi8rAfM2ZmPBQ&page=1&tbnh=129&tbnw=97&start=0&ndsp=35&ved=1t%3A429%2Cr%3A9%2Cs%3A0&doing_wp_cron=1466467271.7778379917144775390625

• 期望得到的干净URL格式：

https://example.com/category-slug/product-slug/
https://example.com/category-slug/page/15/
https://example.com/category-slug/
https://example.com/page/62/
https://example.com/

• 需要保留查询字符串的场景：

https://example.com/?attachment_id=123
https://example.com/?p=123
https://example.com/page/12/?fbclid=PAAaaK8eCN
https://example.com/your-shopping-cart/?remove_item=22c1acb3539e1aeba2
https://example.com/category-slug/this-is-product-slug/?add-to-cart=29030
https://example.com/?s=%7Bsearch_term_string%7D

• 用户尝试过但无效的代码：

RewriteEngine On
RewriteRule ^(page/[0-9]+)/.+$ /$1? [L,NC,R=301]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^option=.+$ [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^[^=]+$
RewriteRule ^$ /? [L,NC,R=301]

解决方案 #

以下是符合需求的.htaccess规则，逻辑为先排除需要保留的查询字符串，再重写移除其他所有查询字符串：

RewriteEngine On

# 1. 排除需要保留的查询字符串场景，匹配到则终止后续规则
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^attachment_id=.+$ [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^p=.+$ [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^fbclid=.+$ [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^remove_item=.+$ [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^add-to-cart=.+$ [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^s=.+$ [NC]
RewriteRule ^ - [L]

# 2. 移除所有其他查询字符串，重定向到干净URL
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} .+
RewriteRule ^(.*)/?$ /$1? [R=301,L,NC]

规则说明 #

• 第一部分通过RewriteCond逐个匹配需要保留的参数，只要匹配到任意一个，就用RewriteRule ^ - [L]停止后续规则，不对该URL做任何修改。
• 第二部分先检查是否存在查询字符串（%{QUERY_STRING} .+），如果存在则将当前URL路径重定向到不带查询字符串的版本，末尾的?会自动清空查询参数。
• R=301是永久重定向，适合SEO优化；测试阶段可以改成R=302临时重定向，确认生效后再改回301。
• NC标记表示匹配不区分大小写，避免因参数大小写差异导致规则失效。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者muhammad usman