SpringBoot中访问GraphQL端点时出现404错误求助

我是GraphQL新手，正在开发一个基于GraphQL的SpringBoot演示应用。尝试访问http://localhost:8080/graphql/schema.json端点时遭遇404白标错误，但可正常访问控制器中的/dogs端点。最初使用SpringBoot GraphQL Maven依赖，后续添加了其他GraphQL Maven依赖后问题仍未解决，恳请协助调试该错误。

应用启动类 #

@SpringBootApplication
public class DogGraphqlApiApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(DogGraphqlApiApplication.class, args);
    }
}

application.properties配置 #

spring.jpa.defer-datasource-initialization=true

spring.h2.console.enabled=true
spring.h2.console.path=/h2
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:h2:mem:dogdata

graphql.servlet.mapping=/graphql
graphql.servlet.enabled=true
graphql.servlet.corsEnabled=true

graphiql.enabled=true
graphiql.endpoint=/graphql
graphiql.mapping=graphiql

pom.xml依赖片段 #

<dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webflux</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.graphql</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-graphql-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.graphql-java</groupId>
        <artifactId>graphql-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        <version>5.0.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.graphql-java</groupId>
        <artifactId>graphql-java-tools</artifactId>
        <version>5.2.4</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.graphql-java</groupId>
        <artifactId>graphiql-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        <version>5.0.2</version>
    </dependency>

GraphQL Schema文件（dog.graphqls） #

type Dog {
 id: ID!
 name: String!
 breed: String!
 origin: String!
}

type Query {
 findAllDogs: [Dog]!
 findDogById(id:ID!): Dog!
}

type Mutation {
 deleteDogBreed(breed: String!) : Boolean
 updateDogName(newName: String!, id:ID!) : Dog!
}

Controller类 #

@RestController
public class DogController {
    private DogService dogService;

    @Autowired
    public void setDogService(DogService dogService){
        this.dogService = dogService;
    }

    @GetMapping("/dogs")
    public ResponseEntity<List<Dog>> getAllDog(){
        List<Dog> list = dogService.retrieveDogs();
        return new ResponseEntity<List<Dog>>(list, HttpStatus.OK);
    }
    
}

Query解析器 #

@Component
public class Query implements GraphQLQueryResolver {
    private DogRepository dogRepository;

    public Query(DogRepository dogRepository){
        this.dogRepository = dogRepository;
    }


    public Iterable<Dog> findAllDogs(){
        return dogRepository.findAll();
    }

    public Dog findDogById(Long id){
        Optional<Dog> optionalDog = dogRepository.findById(id);

        if(optionalDog.isPresent()){
            Dog dog = optionalDog.get();
            return dog;

        }else{
            throw new DogNotFoundException("Dog Not Found", id);
        }
    }
}

Mutation解析器 #

@Component
public class Mutation implements GraphQLMutationResolver {

    private DogRepository dogRepository;

    public Mutation(DogRepository dogRepository){
        this.dogRepository = dogRepository;
    }

    public Boolean deleteDogBreed(String breed){

        boolean deleted = false;
        Iterable <Dog> dogs = dogRepository.findAll();

        for(Dog dog: dogs){
            if(dog.getBreed().equals( breed) ){
                dogRepository.delete(dog);
                deleted = true;
            }
        }

        if(!deleted){
            throw new BreedNotFoundException("Breed Not Found", breed);
        }

        return deleted;
    }

    public Dog updateDogName(String newName, Long id){
        Optional<Dog> optionalDog = dogRepository.findById(id);

        if(optionalDog.isPresent()){
            Dog dog = optionalDog.get();
            dog.setName(newName);
            dogRepository.save(dog);
            return dog;
        }else {
            throw new DogNotFoundException("Dog Not Found", id);
        }
    }
}

错误页面 #

1. 解决依赖冲突 #

你混合使用了Spring官方Spring GraphQL（org.springframework.graphql开头）和第三方graphql-java-boot-starter（com.graphql-java开头）两套不同的GraphQL实现，这是核心问题。

建议保留Spring官方依赖（更贴合SpringBoot生态），移除所有com.graphql-java开头的依赖，替换为以下官方依赖：

<!-- Spring GraphQL核心依赖 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-graphql</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- Web依赖（用于HTTP端点） -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- GraphQL测试依赖 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.graphql</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-graphql-test</artifactId>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

2. 调整Schema导出配置 #

Spring官方GraphQL默认没有/graphql/schema.json端点，需要手动启用并配置：
在application.properties中添加：

# 启用Schema导出
spring.graphql.schema.export.enabled=true
# 指定导出路径为JSON格式
spring.graphql.schema.export.path=/graphql/schema.json
spring.graphql.schema.export.format=json

# 配置GraphiQL UI路径（可选）
spring.graphql.graphiql.enabled=true
spring.graphql.graphiql.path=/graphiql

3. 代码适配 #

• 确保Query和Mutation解析器使用Spring官方的GraphQLQueryResolver和GraphQLMutationResolver（包路径为org.springframework.graphql.data.method.annotation），你的现有代码结构基本兼容，只需调整导入包即可。
• 将dog.graphqls文件放在src/main/resources/graphql/目录下，Spring GraphQL会自动扫描该目录的Schema文件。

4. 验证步骤 #

1. 清理Maven缓存，重新下载依赖
2. 重启应用
3. 访问http://localhost:8080/graphql/schema.json验证是否能获取到Schema的JSON内容
4. 访问http://localhost:8080/graphiql测试GraphQL查询功能

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Othello