Nginx部署Laravel后配置phpMyAdmin出现404 Not Found问题

Alright, let’s dig into why you’re getting that 404 when trying to access phpMyAdmin on your Laravel server. I’ve worked through similar issues before, so here’s a step-by-step breakdown of what’s likely going wrong and how to fix it:

1. First, verify your phpMyAdmin path is correct #

You’ve set alias /usr/share/nginx/html/phpmyadmin, but it’s super common for phpMyAdmin to be installed at /usr/share/phpmyadmin by default (especially on Debian/Ubuntu systems). Let’s check if your symlink is pointing to a valid location:

ls -l /usr/share/nginx/html/phpmyadmin

If this returns "No such file or directory" or shows the symlink points to a non-existent path, adjust the alias line to match the actual install path. For most setups, that would be:

alias /usr/share/phpmyadmin;

2. Fix the try_files directive (you’re referencing an undefined location) #

In your phpMyAdmin config, you have try_files $uri @phpmyadmin; but you never defined the @phpmyadmin named location. When Nginx can’t find the requested file/directory, it tries to redirect to this non-existent location, which throws a 404. Replace that line with:

try_files $uri $uri/ /phpmyadmin/index.php?$query_string;

This tells Nginx to fall back to the phpMyAdmin index file if the requested resource doesn’t exist, which is the correct behavior for PHP apps.

3. Align your PHP-FPM socket path #

Your Laravel config uses fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.2-fpm.sock;, but your phpMyAdmin config uses /run/php/php7.2-fpm.sock. While these might be symlinks on some systems, it’s safer to use the same path to avoid any unexpected issues. Update the phpMyAdmin location’s fastcgi_pass to match the Laravel one.

4. Check directory permissions #

Nginx needs read access to the phpMyAdmin files. Run these commands to ensure permissions are set correctly:

# Replace the path if you adjusted the alias to /usr/share/phpmyadmin
sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /usr/share/nginx/html/phpmyadmin
sudo chmod -R 755 /usr/share/nginx/html/phpmyadmin

5. Reload Nginx (don’t forget this step!) #

After making any config changes, you need to tell Nginx to pick them up:

sudo systemctl reload nginx

If you’re still stuck: Check the error log #

If you still get a 404, look at Nginx’s error log to see exactly what’s failing:

sudo tail -f /var/log/nginx/error.log

This will show you the exact file path Nginx is trying to access, which can help you spot path mismatches or permission issues quickly.

Corrected full phpMyAdmin location block #

Here’s the finalized config (assuming you’re using the default /usr/share/phpmyadmin path):

location /phpmyadmin {
    alias /usr/share/phpmyadmin;
    try_files $uri $uri/ /phpmyadmin/index.php?$query_string;
    allow 103.209.11.41;
    deny all;
    index index.php;

    location ~* \.php$ {
        include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
        fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.2-fpm.sock;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $request_filename;
        include fastcgi_params;
    }
}

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Ikhtiar Mahmud