Spring Boot从1.5.4迁移到2.7.5时遭遇TransactionRequiredException异常

问题场景 #

将Spring Boot应用从1.5.4版本迁移至2.7.5版本，DAO层基于Hibernate实现。调用DAO的更新方法时，尽管Service类已添加类级别@Transactional注解，仍抛出TransactionRequiredException异常。

现有配置与代码 #

配置文件参数 #

spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.current_session_context_class=org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.SpringSessionContext

主应用类注解 #

@EnableTransactionManagement 
@EnableJpaRepositories(basePackages = {"repository package"}) 
@ComponentScan(basePackages = {"base package"}) 
@EntityScan(basePackages = {"entity package"})

DAO核心代码 #

private EntityManager entityManager;

private Session getSession() {
    return entityManager.unwrap(Session.class);
}

// 抛出异常的核心方法
public void doSomething(){
       String hqlBuilder = "Update Query statement";
      Query query = getSession().createQuery(hqlBuilder);
      
      int result = query.executeUpdate();
}

事务管理器配置 #

@Autowired
HikariDataSource dataSource;

@Bean
public LocalSessionFactoryBean sessionFactory() {
    LocalSessionFactoryBean sessionFactory = new LocalSessionFactoryBean();
    sessionFactory.setDataSource(dataSource);
    sessionFactory.setPackagesToScan(
            new String[]{"<My packages>"});
    //sessionFactory.setHibernateProperties(hibernateProperties());

    return sessionFactory;
}

@Bean
public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager() {
    HibernateTransactionManager hibernateTransactionManager
            = new HibernateTransactionManager();
    hibernateTransactionManager.setSessionFactory(sessionFactory().getObject());
    return hibernateTransactionManager;
}

抛出的异常信息 #

首次触发异常 #

Caused by: javax.persistence.TransactionRequiredException: Executing an update/delete query
 at org.hibernate.internal.AbstractSharedSessionContract.checkTransactionNeededForUpdateOperation(AbstractSharedSessionContract.java:445)
 at org.hibernate.query.internal.AbstractProducedQuery.executeUpdate(AbstractProducedQuery.java:1692)
 at <removed the package path>.dao.impl.LastViewedHistoryElementDaoHibernate.insertOrUpdate(LastViewedHistoryElementDaoHibernate.java:122)
 at impl.LastViewedHistoryElementDaoHibernate$$FastClassBySpringCGLIB$$f8fba493.invoke(<generated>)
 at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invoke(MethodProxy.java:218)
 at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$CglibMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(CglibAopProxy.java:793)
 at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:163)
 at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$CglibMethodInvocation.proceed(CglibAopProxy.java:763)
 at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.invoke(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:137)
 ... 271 common frames omitted

重复触发异常 #

Caused by: javax.persistence.TransactionRequiredException: no transaction is in progress
 at org.hibernate.internal.AbstractSharedSessionContract.checkTransactionNeededForUpdateOperation(AbstractSharedSessionContract.java:445)
 at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.checkTransactionNeededForUpdateOperation(SessionImpl.java:3496)
 at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.doFlush(SessionImpl.java:1399)
 at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.flush(SessionImpl.java:1394)
 at org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.SessionFactoryUtils.flush(SessionFactoryUtils.java:113)
 at org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.SpringSessionSynchronization.beforeCommit(SpringSessionSynchronization.java:95)
 at org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionSynchronizationUtils.triggerBeforeCommit(TransactionSynchronizationUtils.java:97)
 at org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.triggerBeforeCommit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:916)
 at org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.processCommit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:727)
 at org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.commit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:711)
 at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.commitTransactionAfterReturning(TransactionAspectSupport.java:654)
 at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.invokeWithinTransaction(TransactionAspectSupport.java:407)
 at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:119)
 at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
 at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$CglibMethodInvocation.proceed(CglibAopProxy.java:763)
 at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(CglibAopProxy.java:708)

问题原因与解决方案 #

核心原因 #

1. 会话上下文配置冲突：手动指定hibernate.current_session_context_class干扰了Spring Boot 2.x的自动事务会话管理，Spring会自动适配会话上下文，手动配置可能导致Session无法绑定到当前事务。
2. 事务管理器不匹配：同时启用@EnableJpaRepositories却使用HibernateTransactionManager，JPA默认适配JpaTransactionManager，两种管理器共存会导致事务绑定异常。
3. EntityManager注入不规范：DAO中EntityManager未通过Spring标准方式注入，导致获取的Session不在事务范围内。

解决方案步骤 #

1. 移除手动会话上下文配置

删除配置文件中的以下参数：

spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.current_session_context_class=org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.SpringSessionContext

Spring Boot 2.x会自动配置Hibernate会话上下文为SpringSessionContext，无需手动干预。

2. 替换为JPA事务管理器

将原HibernateTransactionManager配置替换为适配JPA的事务管理器：

@Bean
public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager(EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory) {
    JpaTransactionManager transactionManager = new JpaTransactionManager();
    transactionManager.setEntityManagerFactory(entityManagerFactory);
    return transactionManager;
}

同时可以移除LocalSessionFactoryBean的手动配置，EntityManagerFactory会由Spring Boot自动创建，除非有特殊Hibernate自定义需求。

3. 规范EntityManager注入

DAO中的EntityManager通过@PersistenceContext注解注入，确保Spring将其与当前事务绑定：

@PersistenceContext
private EntityManager entityManager;

4. 验证事务注解生效

• 确认Service类在@ComponentScan指定的包路径下，被Spring正确扫描。
• 避免Service内部方法自调用（Spring AOP基于代理实现，内部调用不会触发事务拦截）。
• 可尝试将@Transactional添加到具体方法上，而非仅类级别，确保注解被正确识别。

5. 避免覆盖自动配置

使用spring-boot-starter-data-jpa依赖时，大部分JPA/Hibernate配置会自动完成，无需手动创建SessionFactory或EntityManagerFactory，减少配置冲突。

验证 #

修改配置后重启应用，调用Service触发DAO更新操作，确认TransactionRequiredException不再抛出，事务正常提交。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Kiran Pophale