M1 Mac运行Java GUI程序遇java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: accessibilityHitTest问题求助

在M1芯片Mac上运行简单Java GUI程序时，触发Bad JNI lookup accessibilityHitTest错误，随后抛出Exception in thread "AppKit Thread" java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: accessibilityHitTest，点击按钮或在文本框输入都会触发该错误。

• 环境：通过Homebrew安装的OpenJDK 17.0.1，macOS 13.2 Ventura，已更新Homebrew、Java、Eclipse
• 额外现象：程序能启动，但按钮红色背景不显示，仅文本框黄色背景正常；Intel Mac上无JNI错误，但按钮背景依旧不显示；终端运行程序也出现相同问题，排除Eclipse影响

控制台错误输出 #

2023-02-12 07:50:17.847 java[10456:90865] Bad JNI lookup accessibilityHitTest
2023-02-12 07:50:17.849 java[10456:90865] (
    0   libawt_lwawt.dylib                  0x000000010dcfc7d1 -[JavaComponentAccessibility accessibilityHitTest:withEnv:] + 153
    1   libawt_lwawt.dylib                  0x000000010dcad7e2 -[AWTView accessibilityHitTest:] + 179
    2   AppKit                              0x00007ff81322ff47 -[NSWindow(NSWindowAccessibility) accessibilityHitTest:] + 302
    3   AppKit                              0x00007ff812cfe5ad -[NSApplication(NSApplicationAccessibility) accessibilityHitTest:] + 285
    4   AppKit                              0x00007ff812cbf46b CopyElementAtPosition + 138
    5   HIServices                          0x00007ff8150cb505 _AXXMIGCopyElementAtPosition + 402
    6   HIServices                          0x00007ff8150ed194 _XCopyElementAtPosition + 355
    7   HIServices                          0x00007ff8150aa5a9 mshMIGPerform + 182
    8   CoreFoundation                      0x00007ff80f8483f8 __CFRUNLOOP_IS_CALLING_OUT_TO_A_SOURCE1_PERFORM_FUNCTION__ + 41
    9   CoreFoundation                      0x00007ff80f848337 __CFRunLoopDoSource1 + 536
    10  CoreFoundation                      0x00007ff80f846fb6 __CFRunLoopRun + 2749
    11  CoreFoundation                      0x00007ff80f845e7f CFRunLoopRunSpecific + 560
    12  HIToolbox                           0x00007ff8196d8766 RunCurrentEventLoopInMode + 292
    13  HIToolbox                           0x00007ff8196d8576 ReceiveNextEventCommon + 679
    14  HIToolbox                           0x00007ff8196d82b3 _BlockUntilNextEventMatchingListInModeWithFilter + 70
    15  AppKit                              0x00007ff8128d1293 _DPSNextEvent + 909
    16  AppKit                              0x00007ff8128d0114 -[NSApplication(NSEvent) _nextEventMatchingEventMask:untilDate:inMode:dequeue:] + 1219
    17  libosxapp.dylib                     0x000000010d920653 -[NSApplicationAWT nextEventMatchingMask:untilDate:inMode:dequeue:] + 121
    18  AppKit                              0x00007ff8128c2757 -[NSApplication run] + 586
    19  libosxapp.dylib                     0x000000010d920431 +[NSApplicationAWT runAWTLoopWithApp:] + 165
    20  libawt_lwawt.dylib                  0x000000010dd047a1 +[AWTStarter starter:headless:] + 496
    21  libosxapp.dylib                     0x000000010d921f73 +[ThreadUtilities invokeBlockCopy:] + 15
    22  Foundation                          0x00007ff8105fd190 __NSThreadPerformPerform + 177
    23  CoreFoundation                      0x00007ff80f847ed1 __CFRUNLOOP_IS_CALLING_OUT_TO_A_SOURCE0_PERFORM_FUNCTION__ + 17
    24  CoreFoundation                      0x00007ff80f847e80 __CFRunLoopDoSource0 + 157
    25  CoreFoundation                      0x00007ff80f847c4e __CFRunLoopDoSources0 + 212
    26  CoreFoundation                      0x00007ff80f8468a8 __CFRunLoopRun + 943
    27  CoreFoundation                      0x00007ff80f845e7f CFRunLoopRunSpecific + 560
    28  libjli.dylib                        0x000000010d3a989d CreateExecutionEnvironment + 381
    29  libjli.dylib                        0x000000010d3a5b45 JLI_Launch + 1253
    30  java                                0x0000000104dd1c15 main + 363
    31  dyld                                0x0000000205073310 start + 2432
)
Exception in thread "AppKit Thread" java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: accessibilityHitTest
Hello from the actionPerformed() method!
The button has been pressed.

运行的Java代码 #

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;

public class MyFirstGUI implements ActionListener
{
public static void main(String[] args)
  {
  new MyFirstGUI(); // load self!
  }

JFrame     window    = new JFrame("This is my first GUI program");
JButton    button    = new JButton("Push me!");
JTextField textField = new JTextField("Enter data here and press ENTER.");
JTextArea  textArea  = new JTextArea("Info presented to user here.");

public MyFirstGUI() // CONSTRUCTOR (called by the "new" loader)
  {
  System.out.println("Hi from MyFirstGUI constructor!");
  // Build the GUI
  window.getContentPane().add(button, "North");  // top area 
  window.getContentPane().add(textArea,"Center");// middle area
  window.getContentPane().add(textField,"South");// bottom area
  window.setLocation(500,0); // x,y in "pixels" y=0 is top of window
  window.setSize(500,500); // x,y
  button.setBackground(Color.red);
  textField.setBackground(Color.yellow);
  textArea.setEditable(false); // keep cursor out
  window.setVisible(true); // show it!
  window.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

  button.addActionListener(this);   // call me when pushed!
  textField.addActionListener(this);// call me when ENTER key! 
  } 

public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ae)
  {
  if (ae.getSource() == button)
     {
     System.out.println("Button was pushed!");
     }
  if (ae.getSource() == textField)
     {
     System.out.println("TextField had data entry!");
     String input = textField.getText();
     textField.setText(""); // clear!
     textArea.setText(input); 
     }

  }
} 

解决方案 #

1. 解决JNI accessibility错误 #

该错误是M1 Mac上OpenJDK与macOS Ventura的兼容性问题，可通过添加JVM启动参数禁用辅助功能相关特性解决：

• Eclipse环境：打开运行配置，在VM arguments中添加 -Dapple.awt.accessibility.enabled=false
• 终端运行：使用命令 java -Dapple.awt.accessibility.enabled=false MyFirstGUI

2. 解决按钮背景颜色不显示问题 #

Mac上Swing默认使用系统原生外观，会覆盖组件自定义背景色，可通过以下两种方式解决：

方式一：强制使用Swing跨平台外观

在构造函数开头添加代码：

try {
    UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getCrossPlatformLookAndFeelClassName());
} catch (Exception e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
}

方式二：强制按钮绘制自定义背景

修改按钮设置代码：

button.setBackground(Color.red);
button.setOpaque(true);
button.setBorderPainted(false); // 若需要保留按钮边框，可删除此行

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Hunter Marlette