Python实现Excel数据导出为Word双列表格的技术咨询

我用Python写了一个程序，能从Excel提取信息导入Word文档，但现在生成的是垂直排列的单列表格（每行一个独立的2列小表格），需要改成双列布局（一行放两个小表格）。

现有代码：

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import filedialog
import openpyxl
from docx import Document
from docx.enum.text import WD_PARAGRAPH_ALIGNMENT
from docx.shared import Inches, Cm

# Create the main window
root = tk.Tk()
root.withdraw()

# Open a file dialog to select the Excel file
file_path = filedialog.askopenfilename(title="Select Excel file", filetypes=(('Excel files', '*.xlsx'), ('All files', '*.*')))

# Open the Excel file and select the worksheet
wb = openpyxl.load_workbook(file_path)
sheet = wb['Sheet1']

doc = Document()

# Create tables
for i in range(2, sheet.max_row + 1):
    if sheet[f'B{i}'].value:
        for j in range(int(sheet[f'F{i}'].value)):
            table = doc.add_table(rows=6, cols=2)
            table.style = 'Table Grid'
            table.autofit = False

            # Modify the width of the first column
            for cell in table.columns[0].cells:
                cell.width = Cm(2.5)

            # Modify the width of the second column
            for cell in table.columns[1].cells:
                cell.width = Cm(5.5)

            # Add a blank paragraph between each table
            doc.add_paragraph("\n")

            nos = sheet[f"B{i}"].value if sheet[f"B{i}"].value else "N/A"
            nom_nr = sheet[f"J{i}"].value if sheet[f"J{i}"].value else "N/A"
            kods = sheet[f"D{i}"].value if sheet[f"D{i}"].value else "N/A"
            pas_nr = sheet[f"K{i}"].value if sheet[f"K{i}"].value else "N/A"

            table.cell(0, 0).text = "Nos."
            table.cell(0, 1).text = str(nos)
            table.cell(1, 0).text = "Nom. Nr."
            table.cell(1, 1).text = str(nom_nr)
            table.cell(2, 0).text = "Kods"
            table.cell(2, 1).text = str(kods)
            table.cell(3, 0).text = "Pas. Nr."
            table.cell(3, 1).text = str(pas_nr)
            table.cell(4, 0).text = "Daudzums"
            table.cell(4, 1).text = "1000"
            table.cell(5, 0).text = "Izpildītājs"
            table.cell(5, 1).text = "SIA “STS Group”\nCeļāres 2B, Spilve, Babītes pag.\nTel. 29211780"

# Save the Word document
doc.save('data.docx')

核心思路 #

先收集所有需要生成的小表格数据，再按每2个一组的方式，用一个大表格作为容器承载每组的两个小表格，实现双列并排效果。

修改后代码 #

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import filedialog
import openpyxl
from docx import Document
from docx.shared import Cm
from docx.enum.table import WD_TABLE_ALIGNMENT

# Create the main window
root = tk.Tk()
root.withdraw()

# Open a file dialog to select the Excel file
file_path = filedialog.askopenfilename(title="Select Excel file", filetypes=(('Excel files', '*.xlsx'), ('All files', '*.*')))

# Open the Excel file and select the worksheet
wb = openpyxl.load_workbook(file_path)
sheet = wb['Sheet1']

doc = Document()

# 第一步：收集所有需要生成的小表格数据
table_data_list = []
for i in range(2, sheet.max_row + 1):
    if sheet[f'B{i}'].value:
        count = int(sheet[f'F{i}'].value)
        for _ in range(count):
            nos = sheet[f"B{i}"].value if sheet[f"B{i}"].value else "N/A"
            nom_nr = sheet[f"J{i}"].value if sheet[f"J{i}"].value else "N/A"
            kods = sheet[f"D{i}"].value if sheet[f"D{i}"].value else "N/A"
            pas_nr = sheet[f"K{i}"].value if sheet[f"K{i}"].value else "N/A"
            table_data_list.append({
                "nos": nos,
                "nom_nr": nom_nr,
                "kods": kods,
                "pas_nr": pas_nr
            })

# 第二步：按每2个一组生成双列布局
# 分组处理数据
for idx in range(0, len(table_data_list), 2):
    # 创建一个1行2列的大表格，用来放两个小表格
    container_table = doc.add_table(rows=1, cols=2)
    container_table.style = 'Table Grid'
    container_table.autofit = False
    container_table.alignment = WD_TABLE_ALIGNMENT.CENTER
    
    # 设置大表格的列宽，每个单元格刚好放下一个小表格
    for cell in container_table.columns[0].cells:
        cell.width = Cm(8.0)  # 2.5+5.5=8，加上少量边距
    for cell in container_table.columns[1].cells:
        cell.width = Cm(8.0)
    
    # 处理第一个小表格
    data1 = table_data_list[idx]
    table1 = container_table.cell(0, 0).add_table(rows=6, cols=2)
    table1.style = 'Table Grid'
    table1.autofit = False
    # 设置小表格列宽
    for cell in table1.columns[0].cells:
        cell.width = Cm(2.5)
    for cell in table1.columns[1].cells:
        cell.width = Cm(5.5)
    # 填充数据
    table1.cell(0, 0).text = "Nos."
    table1.cell(0, 1).text = str(data1["nos"])
    table1.cell(1, 0).text = "Nom. Nr."
    table1.cell(1, 1).text = str(data1["nom_nr"])
    table1.cell(2, 0).text = "Kods"
    table1.cell(2, 1).text = str(data1["kods"])
    table1.cell(3, 0).text = "Pas. Nr."
    table1.cell(3, 1).text = str(data1["pas_nr"])
    table1.cell(4, 0).text = "Daudzums"
    table1.cell(4, 1).text = "1000"
    table1.cell(5, 0).text = "Izpildītājs"
    table1.cell(5, 1).text = "SIA “STS Group”\nCeļāres 2B, Spilve, Babītes pag.\nTel. 29211780"
    
    # 处理第二个小表格（如果还有剩余数据）
    if idx + 1 < len(table_data_list):
        data2 = table_data_list[idx+1]
        table2 = container_table.cell(0, 1).add_table(rows=6, cols=2)
        table2.style = 'Table Grid'
        table2.autofit = False
        # 设置小表格列宽
        for cell in table2.columns[0].cells:
            cell.width = Cm(2.5)
        for cell in table2.columns[1].cells:
            cell.width = Cm(5.5)
        # 填充数据
        table2.cell(0, 0).text = "Nos."
        table2.cell(0, 1).text = str(data2["nos"])
        table2.cell(1, 0).text = "Nom. Nr."
        table2.cell(1, 1).text = str(data2["nom_nr"])
        table2.cell(2, 0).text = "Kods"
        table2.cell(2, 1).text = str(data2["kods"])
        table2.cell(3, 0).text = "Pas. Nr."
        table2.cell(3, 1).text = str(data2["pas_nr"])
        table2.cell(4, 0).text = "Daudzums"
        table2.cell(4, 1).text = "1000"
        table2.cell(5, 0).text = "Izpildītājs"
        table2.cell(5, 1).text = "SIA “STS Group”\nCeļāres 2B, Spilve, Babītes pag.\nTel. 29211780"
    
    # 每组之间添加空行
    doc.add_paragraph("\n")

# Save the Word document
doc.save('data.docx')

关键修改点 #

1. 数据预收集：先把所有需要生成的小表格数据存到列表里，方便后续分组处理
2. 容器表格嵌套：用1行2列的大表格作为容器，每个单元格里嵌入原有的2列小表格，实现双列并排
3. 宽度适配：调整容器表格的列宽，确保能容纳小表格，同时保持原小表格的列宽不变
4. 分组逻辑：按步长2遍历数据列表，处理每组的1-2个小表格，避免最后一组数据不足时出错

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者GreyWanderer