安装monocle3时出现RcppExports.o Error 127问题求助

错误信息 #

* installing *source* package ‘monocle3’ ...
** using staged installation
** libs
/usr/local/Cellar/gcc/11.3.0_1/bin/g++-7 -std=gnu++11 -I"/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/4.1/Resources/library/Rcpp/include' -I/usr/local/include   -fPIC  -Wall -g -O2  -c RcppExports.cpp -o RcppExports.o
/bin/sh: /usr/local/Cellar/gcc/11.3.0_1/bin/g++-7: No such file or directory
make: *** [RcppExports.o] Error 127
ERROR: compilation failed for package ‘monocle3’

R版本信息 #

$platform
[1] "x86_64-apple-darwin17.0"
$arch
[1] "x86_64"
$os
[1] "darwin17.0"
$system
[1] "x86_64, darwin17.0"
$status
[1] ""
$major
[1] "4"
$minor
[1] "1.3"
$year
[1] "2022"
$month
[1] "03"
$day
[1] "10"
$`svn rev`
[1] "81868"
$language
[1] "R"
$version.string
[1] "R version 4.1.3 (2022-03-10)"
$nickname
[1] "One Push-Up"

已尝试重新安装Rcpp，但问题未解决。

解决办法 #

1. 为缺失的g++-7创建软链接 #

你的gcc版本是11.3.0_1，对应的g++应为g++-11，先确认路径下的实际编译器：

ls /usr/local/Cellar/gcc/11.3.0_1/bin/

找到类似g++-11和gcc-11的文件后，创建软链接：

ln -s /usr/local/Cellar/gcc/11.3.0_1/bin/g++-11 /usr/local/Cellar/gcc/11.3.0_1/bin/g++-7
ln -s /usr/local/Cellar/gcc/11.3.0_1/bin/gcc-11 /usr/local/Cellar/gcc/11.3.0_1/bin/gcc-7

2. 在R中临时指定正确的编译器 #

打开R，执行以下代码设置环境变量，再安装monocle3：

Sys.setenv(CXX="/usr/local/Cellar/gcc/11.3.0_1/bin/g++-11")
Sys.setenv(CC="/usr/local/Cellar/gcc/11.3.0_1/bin/gcc-11")

# 从GitHub安装
devtools::install_github('cole-trapnell-lab/monocle3')
# 或从Bioconductor安装
# BiocManager::install("monocle3")

3. 修改R的全局编译配置文件 #

创建或编辑~/.R/Makevars文件，添加以下内容（替换为你的实际编译器路径）：

CXX=/usr/local/Cellar/gcc/11.3.0_1/bin/g++-11
CC=/usr/local/Cellar/gcc/11.3.0_1/bin/gcc-11
CXX11=/usr/local/Cellar/gcc/11.3.0_1/bin/g++-11

保存文件后重启R，再尝试安装monocle3。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Haolin Shen