Spring Web项目报错：jakarta.servlet.ServletContext无法解析

从你的pom.xml配置和Spring 6的版本规则来看，问题核心是版本兼容性不匹配，具体问题点如下：

• Spring 6.0.x 最低要求JDK 17，但你配置的编译source/target为1.8，版本不兼容
• Spring 6已全面切换到Jakarta EE规范，不再支持javax.servlet包，你引入的javax.servlet-api需要替换为Jakarta版本
• 错误将maven-compiler-plugin作为项目依赖引入，它是Maven构建插件，不属于项目依赖范畴，必须移除

具体修复步骤 #

1. 移除错误依赖 #

删除pom.xml中<dependencies>节点下的maven-compiler-plugin依赖段：

<!-- 删掉这段内容 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>3.10.1</version>
</dependency>

2. 更新JDK编译版本 #

将maven-compiler-plugin配置中的source和target改为17（符合Spring 6的最低要求）：

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>3.10.1</version>
    <configuration>
        <source>17</source>
        <target>17</target>
    </configuration>
</plugin>

3. 替换Servlet API依赖 #

把原有的javax.servlet-api替换为Jakarta EE规范的jakarta.servlet-api：

<!-- 替换原javax.servlet依赖 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>jakarta.servlet</groupId>
    <artifactId>jakarta.servlet-api</artifactId>
    <version>6.0.0</version>
    <scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>

修改后的完整pom.xml #

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>it.corsospring.web</groupId>
    <artifactId>corsospringweb</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <name>corsospringweb</name>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>6.0.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>6.0.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>6.0.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>6.0.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>6.0.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>jakarta.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jakarta.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>6.0.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.3.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.10.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>17</source>
                    <target>17</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

后续操作 #

1. 确保开发环境（IDEA/Eclipse）已配置JDK 17作为项目SDK
2. 执行mvn clean install清理并重新构建项目，消除依赖冲突

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Kazan