Visual Studio 2022与Oracle 21c连接超时及插入测试问题求助

背景 #

我正在提升英语水平，表述可能存在不当之处。我想通过插入操作测试Visual Studio 2022中ASP.NET Core 6项目与Oracle 21c的连接及配置是否正确。目前已安装Oracle Database Express Edition和Oracle SQL Developer，创建项目后通过服务器资源管理器验证了SYSTEM用户连接Prueba数据库的有效性，但运行代码时在connection.Open();行出现超时错误。

配置文件与代码 #

appsettings.json配置 #

{
    "Logging": {
        "LogLevel": {
            "Default": "Information",
            "Microsoft.AspNetCore": "Warning"
        }
    },
    "AllowedHosts": "*",
    "ConnectionStrings": {
        "SqlServerConnection": "Server=.; Database=Prueba; User ID=SYSTEM; Password=qwe123; Trust Server Certificate=true;",
        "OracleConnection": "User ID=SYSTEM; Password=qwe123; Pooling=true; Connection Timeout=120; Data Source=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521))(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVER=DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME=ORCL)));"
    }
}

HomeController.cs代码 #

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Oracle.ManagedDataAccess.Client;
using PruebaConexion.Models;
using System.Data.Db;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.RazorPages;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Data.SqlClient;

namespace PruebaConexion.Controllers
{
    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        private readonly ILogger<HomeController> _logger;
        private IConfiguration _config;

        public HomeController(ILogger<HomeController> logger, IConfiguration config)
        {
            _logger = logger;
            _config = config;
        }

        public IActionResult Index()
        {
            Prueba();
            return View();
        }

        public void Prueba()
        {
            DbConnection connection = new OracleConnection(_config["ConnectionStrings:OracleConnection"]);
            connection.Open();
            DbCommand cmd = connection.CreateCommand();
            cmd.CommandText = "insert into VEHICLE_PERSON ( EMP_NUMBER, LASTNAME, FIRSTNAME, " +
                "COSTCENTER, DEPARTMENT, CREDENT_NUMBER, NUMBER1, FROM_DATE, TO_DATE, RIGHTS1 ) " +
                "values ( 'Prueba', 'Carrasco', 'Leonardo', 'Prueba', 'Desarrollo', 'Prueba', " +
                "'Prueba', '10/10/2022', '11/11/2023', 'Prueba');";
        }

        public IActionResult Privacy()
        {
            return View();
        }

        [ResponseCache(Duration = 0, Location = ResponseCacheLocation.None, NoStore = true)]
        public IActionResult Error()
        {
            return View(new ErrorViewModel { RequestId = Activity.Current?.Id ?? HttpContext.TraceIdentifier });
        }
    }
}

额外测试代码Test2 #

public void Test2()
{
    OracleConnectionStringBuilder builder = new OracleConnectionStringBuilder();
    builder.DataSource = "localhost:1521/Prueba";
    builder.UserID = "SYSTEM";
    builder.PersistSecurityInfo = true;
    builder.Password = "password";
    builder.ConnectionTimeout = 50;
    Console.WriteLine(builder.ConnectionString);

    using (OracleConnection connection = new OracleConnection(builder.ConnectionString))
    {
        try
        {
            connection.Open();
            Console.WriteLine("Conexión válida");
            OracleCommand command = new OracleCommand("SELECT BANNER FROM v$version;", connection);
            OracleDataReader reader = command.ExecuteReader();
            if (reader.HasRows)
            {
                while (reader.Read())
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(reader.GetString(0));
                }
            }
            else
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Sin resultados.");
            }
            reader.Close();
        }
        catch (Exception exception)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(exception.Message);
        }
    }
}

错误信息 #

运行程序时，在connection.Open();行出现错误：

Oracle.ManagedDataAccess.Client.OracleException: 'Connection request timeout.'

排查建议 #

• 确认服务名一致性：
  第一个连接字符串使用SERVICE_NAME=ORCL，但Test2中用的是localhost:1521/Prueba，两者可能不匹配。在SQL Developer中执行SELECT value FROM v$parameter WHERE name = 'service_name';查询正确的服务名，Oracle XE默认服务名通常为XE而非ORCL。
• 验证端口可达性：
  执行PowerShell命令Test-NetConnection localhost -Port 1521，检查1521端口是否处于监听状态，确保Oracle服务在该端口提供连接。
• 检查Oracle服务状态：
  打开Windows服务管理器，确认OracleService[你的服务名]和OracleOraDB21Home1TNSListener两个服务处于运行状态。
• 修正密码不一致问题：
  Test2代码中密码写的是password，但配置文件里是qwe123，统一密码后再测试。
• 确保驱动版本兼容：
  检查NuGet包Oracle.ManagedDataAccess.Core的版本，安装与Oracle 21c兼容的最新稳定版。
• 简化连接字符串测试：
  使用最简连接字符串排除冗余配置干扰，例如：User ID=SYSTEM;Password=qwe123;Data Source=localhost:1521/XE;（替换为实际服务名）。
• 排查防火墙干扰：
  临时关闭本地防火墙，测试是否能正常连接，排除防火墙拦截1521端口的可能。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Leonardo Carrasco Velazquez