Mac M1环境下使用rvm安装Ruby 3.x版本报错求助

在Mac M1设备上尝试用rvm将Ruby版本从2.6.10p210升级到3.1.3，同时尝试安装3.0.0、3.1.0、3.1.2等版本均失败。执行rvm install 3.0.0时，系统提示无对应二进制包，转为源码编译，在configure阶段报错，日志显示**"C compiler cannot create executables"**。

控制台执行代码 #

alvarobarrazaramos@MacBook-Pro-de-Alvaro src % rvm install 3.0.0 
ruby-3.0.0 - #removing src/ruby-3.0.0 - please wait
Searching for binary rubies, this might take some time.
No binary rubies available for: osx/13.0/arm64/ruby-3.0.0.
Continuing with compilation. Please read 'rvm help mount' to get more information on binary rubies.
Checking requirements for osx.
Certificates bundle '/opt/homebrew/etc/openssl@1.1/cert.pem' is already up to date.
Requirements installation successful.
Installing Ruby from source to: /Users/alvarobarrazaramos/.rvm/rubies/ruby-3.0.0, this may take a while depending on your cpu(s)...
ruby-3.0.0 - #downloading ruby-3.0.0, this may take a while depending on your connection...
ruby-3.0.0 - #extracting ruby-3.0.0 to /Users/alvarobarrazaramos/.rvm/src/ruby-3.0.0 - please wait
ruby-3.0.0 - #configuring - please wait
Error running 'env CFLAGS=-O3 -I/opt/homebrew/opt/libyaml/include -I/opt/homebrew/opt/libksba/include -I/opt/homebrew/opt/readline/include -I/opt/homebrew/opt/zlib/include -I/opt/homebrew/opt/openssl@1.1/include LDFLAGS=-L/opt/homebrew/opt/libyaml/lib -L/opt/homebrew/opt/libksba/lib -L/opt/homebrew/opt/readline/lib -L/opt/homebrew/opt/zlib/lib -L/opt/homebrew/opt/openssl@1.1/lib ./configure --prefix=/Users/alvarobarrazaramos/.rvm/rubies/ruby-3.0.0 --disable-install-doc --enable-shared',
please read /Users/alvarobarrazaramos/.rvm/log/1676851424_ruby-3.0.0/configure.log
There has been an error while running configure. Halting the installation.
alvarobarrazaramos@MacBook-Pro-de-Alvaro src %    

日志信息 #

alvarobarrazaramos@MacBook-Pro-de-Alvaro src % cat /Users/alvarobarrazaramos/.rvm/log/1676851424_ruby-3.0.0/configure.log
checking for ruby... /usr/bin/ruby
tool/config.guess already exists
tool/config.sub already exists
checking build system type... aarch64-apple-darwin22.1.0
checking host system type... aarch64-apple-darwin22.1.0
checking target system type... aarch64-apple-darwin22.1.0
checking for ld... ld
checking for gcc-ar... no
checking for g++... g++
checking for gcc-nm... no
checking for gcc-ranlib... no
checking for gcc... gcc
checking whether the C compiler works... no
configure: error: in `/Users/alvarobarrazaramos/.rvm/src/ruby-3.0.0':
configure: error: C compiler cannot create executables
See `config.log' for more details
alvarobarrazaramos@MacBook-Pro-de-Alvaro src % 

排查与解决步骤 #

• 检查Xcode Command Line Tools完整性
  执行xcode-select --install，若提示已安装，执行sudo xcode-select --reset重置，重启终端后重试安装。
• 验证gcc可用性
  执行gcc --version，若命令不存在或无有效输出，需确保Xcode Command Line Tools已正确安装，或通过Homebrew安装gcc：brew install gcc。
• 指定OpenSSL路径安装
  Ruby 3.x部分版本与OpenSSL 3.0兼容性不佳，尝试指定OpenSSL 1.1路径：

  rvm install 3.0.0 --with-openssl-dir=/opt/homebrew/opt/openssl@1.1
  

• 更新并重置RVM
  更新RVM到稳定版：rvm get stable，清理编译缓存：rvm cleanup all，再重新执行安装命令。
• 尝试Rosetta 2兼容模式
  右键终端图标选择「使用Rosetta打开」，在该终端环境下重新执行Ruby安装命令，部分旧版本Ruby需通过Rosetta适配ARM架构。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Alvaro Barraza