如何用Python subprocess结合ADB正确拉取APK？菜单选择报错排查

我通过选择菜单序号来获取APK，打算后续用apktool反编译，但输入序号后出现报错：

/system/bin/sh: [1]: 15: inaccessible or not found

无法获取APK路径，以下是我编写的代码，想找出问题所在：

# 创建模拟器上所有第三方应用的选择菜单，让用户选择一个
output = subprocess.run(["adb", "-s", device_id, "shell", "pm", "list", "packages", "-3"], capture_output=True).stdout.decode("utf-8")
packages = output.strip().split("\n")
print("Available packages:")
for i, package in enumerate(packages):
    print(f"{i+1}: {package}")
package_index = int(input("Enter the number of the package to extract: ")) - 1
print(package_index)

# 打印选中包的路径并提取到本地
package = packages[package_index]
print(package)
##print(packages)
package_name = package.split(":")[1]
print(package_name)
new_output = subprocess.run(["adb","-s", device_id, "shell", "pm", "path", package_name], capture_output=True).stdout.decode("utf-8")
package_path = new_output.strip().split(":")[1]
#print(output)
#print(package_path)

#print(f"Full path of {package_name}: {package_path}")
apk_type = input("Enter 1 to extract a single APK file, or 2 to extract a split APK: ")
if apk_type == "1":
    print("Hhhhh")
    #subprocess.run(["adb" ,"-s", device_id, "pull", package_path, f"{package_name}.apk"])
else:
    print("Working in progress......................................")

问题排查与解决方法 #

1. 过滤空包项，避免无效索引

执行pm list packages -3后，输出可能包含空行，导致packages列表里有空字符串。当用户选中对应序号时，package.split(":")[1]会直接报错，因为空字符串没有: 分割项。

修改包列表生成代码，过滤空元素：

packages = [p for p in output.strip().split("\n") if p.strip()]

2. 校验pm path返回结果

如果pm path package_name返回的不是package:开头的有效路径（比如返回权限错误或包不存在的提示），new_output.strip().split(":")[1]会出现索引越界，或者拿到无效路径，进而导致后续操作报错。

添加结果校验逻辑：

new_output = subprocess.run(
    ["adb","-s", device_id, "shell", "pm", "path", package_name],
    capture_output=True,
    text=True
).stdout

# 检查是否返回有效路径
if not new_output.strip().startswith("package:"):
    print(f"获取{package_name}路径失败，错误信息：{new_output.strip()}")
    exit(1)

package_path = new_output.strip().split(":")[1]

3. 处理含特殊字符的路径

部分APK路径可能包含空格或特殊字符，直接传给adb pull会被shell拆分，导致找不到文件。可以用shlex.quote处理路径：

import shlex

if apk_type == "1":
    print("正在提取APK...")
    subprocess.run([
        "adb" ,"-s", device_id, 
        "pull", 
        shlex.quote(package_path), 
        f"{package_name}.apk"
    ])

4. 解决权限访问问题

有些第三方应用的APK存放在受保护目录，普通adb pull无法访问。可以尝试用run-as命令导出：

# 先将APK复制到SD卡
subprocess.run([
    "adb", "-s", device_id, "shell", 
    f"run-as {package_name} cat {package_path} > /sdcard/{package_name}.apk"
])
# 再从SD卡拉到本地
subprocess.run([
    "adb", "-s", device_id, "pull", 
    f"/sdcard/{package_name}.apk", 
    f"{package_name}.apk"
])
# 删除SD卡上的临时文件
subprocess.run([
    "adb", "-s", device_id, "shell", 
    f"rm /sdcard/{package_name}.apk"
])

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Justice Chukwuemeka