使用JDK15编译Java8项目时mvn package出现Lombok编译错误求助

问题场景 #

从GitHub克隆了基于Java 8、Spring Boot 2.1.8.RELEASE、MySQL的项目，IntelliJ中配置了OpenJDK 15（本地同时存在OpenJDK 17），项目能正常运行，但执行mvn package时出现编译错误。

错误信息 #

Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-compiler-plugin:3.8.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) on project platform: Fatal error compiling: java.lang.IllegalAccessError: class lombok.javac.apt.LombokProcessor (in unnamed module @0x16a9eb2e) cannot access class com.sun.tools.javac.processing.JavacProcessingEnvironment (in module jdk.compiler) because module jdk.compiler does not export com.sun.tools.javac.processing to unnamed module @0x16a9eb2e 

项目pom.xml内容 #

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.8.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.ezlearning</groupId>
    <artifactId>platform</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>platform</name>
    <description>Ez learning platform</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Thymeleaf Spring Security -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.thymeleaf.extras</groupId>
            <artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity5</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
            <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- MySql dependency -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Database versioning -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.flywaydb</groupId>
            <artifactId>flyway-core</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Boot Security -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>

        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

解决方案 #

方案一：改用JDK8编译打包（推荐） #

项目本身基于Java8，使用对应版本JDK编译最稳妥：

• 打开IntelliJ的项目设置（File -> Project Structure），将Project SDK设置为OpenJDK8，Project language level设置为8。
• 配置Maven运行环境：在IntelliJ的Maven设置中，确保Runner的JRE为OpenJDK8；或者命令行先切换到JDK8环境，再执行mvn package。

方案二：升级Lombok并适配JDK9+编译参数 #

若坚持用JDK15打包，需调整以下配置：

1. 在pom.xml中显式升级Lombok到支持JDK9+的版本（如1.18.24）：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
    <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
    <version>1.18.24</version>
    <optional>true</optional>
</dependency>

2. 添加maven-compiler-plugin配置，允许Lombok访问JDK内部API：
   在pom.xml的build -> plugins节点下新增：

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>3.8.1</version>
    <configuration>
        <source>1.8</source>
        <target>1.8</target>
        <compilerArgs>
            <arg>--add-exports=jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.processing=ALL-UNNAMED</arg>
            <arg>--add-exports=jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.util=ALL-UNNAMED</arg>
            <arg>--add-exports=jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.tree=ALL-UNNAMED</arg>
            <arg>--add-exports=jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.code=ALL-UNNAMED</arg>
        </compilerArgs>
    </configuration>
</plugin>

方案三：临时跳过测试编译（应急用） #

若需快速打包跳过测试代码编译，执行以下命令：

mvn package -Dmaven.test.skip=true

注意：此方式会跳过测试代码的编译与执行，不建议作为长期解决方案。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者montassar omrani