已安装最新ChromeDriver与slf4j依赖，仍无法创建Appium驱动会话

问题描述 #

我是Appium新手，已安装最新版ChromeDriver（该版本曾解决他人同类问题），此前的slf4j相关错误已通过在pom中添加依赖解决，但目前仍无法创建Appium驱动会话，启动AndroidDriver时抛出SessionNotCreatedException（响应码404）。尝试过修改URL和移除"/wd/hud/"，但问题仍未解决。

错误日志 #

Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.SessionNotCreatedException: Could not start a new session. Response code 404. Message: The requested resource could not be found, or a request was received using an HTTP method that is not supported by the mapped resource 
Host info: host: 'MallSoft.local', ip: '2601:1c2:0:3680:0:0:0:8406%en0'
Build info: version: '4.8.1', revision: '8ebccac989'
System info: os.name: 'Mac OS X', os.arch: 'x86_64', os.version: '10.16', java.version: '1.8.0_301'
Driver info: io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidDriver
Command: [null, newSession {capabilities=[{appium:app=/Users/fieldemployee/IdeaProjects/FirstAppiumProject/src/main/resources/ApiDemos-debug.apk, appium:automationName=uiAutomator2, appium:deviceName=nexus_5, platformName=ANDROID, appium:udid=emulator-5554}], desiredCapabilities=Capabilities {app: /Users/fieldemployee/IdeaPr..., automationName: uiAutomator2, deviceName: nexus_5, platformName: ANDROID, udid: emulator-5554}}]
Capabilities {app: /Users/fieldemployee/IdeaPr..., automationName: uiAutomator2, deviceName: nexus_5, platformName: ANDROID, udid: emulator-5554}
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake.createSession(ProtocolHandshake.java:148)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    at io.appium.java_client.remote.AppiumProtocolHandshake.createSession(AppiumProtocolHandshake.java:133)
    at io.appium.java_client.remote.AppiumProtocolHandshake.createSession(AppiumProtocolHandshake.java:102)
    at io.appium.java_client.remote.AppiumCommandExecutor.createSession(AppiumCommandExecutor.java:194)
    at io.appium.java_client.remote.AppiumCommandExecutor.execute(AppiumCommandExecutor.java:262)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:543)
    at io.appium.java_client.AppiumDriver.startSession(AppiumDriver.java:229)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.<init>(RemoteWebDriver.java:157)
    at io.appium.java_client.AppiumDriver.<init>(AppiumDriver.java:80)
    at io.appium.java_client.AppiumDriver.<init>(AppiumDriver.java:92)
    at io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidDriver.<init>(AndroidDriver.java:117)
    at CreateDriverSession.main(CreateDriverSession.java:25)

Process finished with exit code 1

IntelliJ代码 #

import io.appium.java_client.AppiumDriver;
import io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidDriver;
import io.appium.java_client.remote.MobileCapabilityType;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;

import java.io.File;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;

public class CreateDriverSession {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws MalformedURLException {
        DesiredCapabilities caps = new DesiredCapabilities();
        caps.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.PLATFORM_NAME, "Android");
        caps.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.DEVICE_NAME, "nexus_5");
        caps.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.AUTOMATION_NAME, "uiAutomator2");
        caps.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.UDID, "emulator-5554");
        //for windows users
        String appUrl = "/Users/fieldemployee/IdeaProjects/FirstAppiumProject/src/main/resources/ApiDemos-debug.apk";
                //System.getProperty("user.dir") + File.separator + "src" + File.separator + "main"
                //+ File.separator + "resources" + File.separator + "ApiDemos-debug.apk";
        caps.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.APP, appUrl);

        URL url = new URL("http://0.0.0.0:4723/");

        AppiumDriver driver = new AndroidDriver(url, caps);
    }
}

Appium GUI输出 #

[HTTP] No route found for /wd/hud/session
[HTTP] <-- POST /wd/hud/session 404 8 ms - 211
[HTTP] 
[HTTP] Request idempotency key: e718b60f-1d53-4e4b-8ebb-ddaf41d23b43
[HTTP] --> POST /session
[HTTP] {"capabilities":{"firstMatch":[{}],"alwaysMatch":{"appium:app":"/Users/fieldemployee/IdeaProjects/FirstAppiumProject/src/main/resources/ApiDemos-debug.apk","appium:automationName":"uiAutomator2","appium:deviceName":"nexus_5","appium:udid":"emulator-5554","platformName":"android"}}}

解决办法 #

1. 修正Appium服务URL #

从日志可见客户端发送了拼写错误的/wd/hud/session请求，同时Selenium 4.x默认使用W3C协议的/wd/hub/session端点，需将代码中的URL改为：

URL url = new URL("http://0.0.0.0:4723/wd/hub");

若使用Appium 2.x，也可直接用http://0.0.0.0:4723，但添加/wd/hub能更好兼容Selenium 4的默认行为。

2. 检查Appium驱动安装 #

确保uiAutomator2驱动已正确安装，终端执行：

appium driver list

若未显示uiautomator2，执行安装命令：

appium driver install uiautomator2

3. 验证设备与应用路径 #

• 执行adb devices确认emulator-5554处于在线状态，模拟器正常启动。
• 改用动态路径获取APK，避免硬编码错误：

  String appUrl = System.getProperty("user.dir") + File.separator + "src" + File.separator + "main"
               + File.separator + "resources" + File.separator + "ApiDemos-debug.apk";
  

4. 版本兼容性检查 #

确保Appium Java Client版本与Selenium版本匹配（Selenium 4.8.1建议搭配Appium Java Client 8.5+），在pom.xml中更新依赖：

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.appium</groupId>
    <artifactId>java-client</artifactId>
    <version>8.6.0</version>
</dependency>

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者MallSoft95