React+TypeScript中如何解决TypeError: Cannot read properties of undefined (reading 'prototype')

• Track down transitive dependencies bringing in express:
  Run npm ls express (or yarn why express if using Yarn) to identify which installed package is pulling in express as a dependency. Some server-oriented packages may accidentally include express in code paths that end up in your client bundle, causing this error when the browser tries to execute server-only code.

• Exclude express from your client bundle:
  Express is a server-only library and shouldn’t be part of your browser build. For Create React App setups, use react-app-rewired to modify the webpack config and alias express to an empty module:

  // config-overrides.js
  module.exports = function override(config, env) {
    config.resolve.alias = {
      ...config.resolve.alias,
      'express': false
    };
    return config;
  };
  

  For custom webpack configurations, add the same alias to prevent express from being bundled for the browser.

• Verify crypto-browserify setup:
  Ensure your webpack config correctly aliases crypto to crypto-browserify without conflicts. Add this to your resolve.alias:

  'crypto': 'crypto-browserify'
  

  Check your package.json’s browser field if you’re using it to override Node.js modules, making sure the configuration doesn’t clash with other dependencies.

• Check TypeScript type declarations:
  If @types/express is installed, it might be leaking server-side types into your client code scope. Remove the package if you don’t need server-side type definitions in your client project, or adjust your tsconfig.json to exclude server-specific types from client compilation.

• Search for hidden express imports:
  Use your IDE’s search tool to scan all source files for accidental import or require statements targeting express. Third-party components or utility functions you’ve added could be pulling in express without your awareness.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者programmaticthinkingJay