迁移至JDK 17后Rest Assured测试代码运行异常求助

问题 #

我们正在构建带测试用例的REST API，API本身运行正常，但测试环节出错：

• 测试使用Rest Assured库，因组织要求必须使用JDK 17
• 升级至JDK 17后，运行Rest Assured测试时触发java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError，怀疑与JDK 17的反射限制有关
• 出错代码：

RestAssured.baseURI = Constants.BASE_URI;
RestAssured.port = Constants.PORT;
RestAssured.basePath = Constants.BASE_PATH;

这段代码用于为所有测试设置baseURI、port和basePath，此前运行正常，迁移到JDK 17后出现问题，且无法更换Java版本，需要可行的解决方案。

错误栈信息：

java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError
    at io.restassured.builder.RequestSpecBuilder.<init>(RequestSpecBuilder.java:79)
    at com.teamcenter.services.strong.utils.TestBase.createRequestSpecification(TestBase.java:99)
    at com.teamcenter.services.strong.utils.TestBase.createRequestSpecification(TestBase.java:82)
    at com.teamcenter.services.strong.utils.TestBase.setUp(TestBase.java:116)
    at com.teamcenter.services.strong.IncludeRuleTest.setUp(IncludeRuleTest.java:36)
    at junit.framework.TestCase.runBare(TestCase.java:140)
    at junit.framework.TestResult$1.protect(TestResult.java:122)
    at junit.framework.TestResult.runProtected(TestResult.java:142)
    at junit.framework.TestResult.run(TestResult.java:125)
    at junit.framework.TestCase.run(TestCase.java:130)
    at junit.framework.TestSuite.runTest(TestSuite.java:241)
    at junit.framework.TestSuite.run(TestSuite.java:236)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.JUnit38ClassRunner.run(JUnit38ClassRunner.java:90)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:93)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:40)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:529)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:756)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:452)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:210)
Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InaccessibleObjectException: Unable to make java.lang.String(char[],int,int,java.lang.Void) accessible: module java.base does not "opens java.lang" to unnamed module @3cda1055
    at java.base/java.lang.reflect.AccessibleObject.checkCanSetAccessible(AccessibleObject.java:354)
    at java.base/java.lang.reflect.AccessibleObject.checkCanSetAccessible(AccessibleObject.java:297)
    at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Constructor.checkCanSetAccessible(Constructor.java:188)
    at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Constructor.setAccessible(Constructor.java:181)
    at org.codehaus.groovy.reflection.CachedConstructor$1.run(CachedConstructor.java:44)
    at java.base/java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(AccessController.java:318)
    at org.codehaus.groovy.reflection.CachedConstructor.<init>(CachedConstructor.java:42)
    at org.codehaus.groovy.reflection.CachedClass$2.initValue(CachedClass.java:79)
    at org.codehaus.groovy.reflection.CachedClass$2.initValue(CachedClass.java:69)
    at org.codehaus.groovy.util.LazyReference.getLocked(LazyReference.java:49)
    at org.codehaus.groovy.util.LazyReference.get(LazyReference.java:36)
    at org.codehaus.groovy.reflection.CachedClass.getConstructors(CachedClass.java:268)
    at groovy.lang.MetaClassImpl.<init>(MetaClassImpl.java:218)
    at groovy.lang.MetaClassImpl.<init>(MetaClassImpl.java:228)
    at groovy.lang.MetaClassRegistry$MetaClassCreationHandle.createNormalMetaClass(MetaClassRegistry.java:171)
    at groovy.lang.MetaClassRegistry$MetaClassCreationHandle.createWithCustomLookup(MetaClassRegistry.java:161)
    at groovy.lang.MetaClassRegistry$MetaClassCreationHandle.create(MetaClassRegistry.java:144)
    at org.codehaus.groovy.reflection.ClassInfo.getMetaClassUnderLock(ClassInfo.java:253)
    at org.codehaus.groovy.reflection.ClassInfo.getMetaClass(ClassInfo.java:285)
    at org.codehaus.groovy.reflection.ClassInfo.getMetaClass(ClassInfo.java:295)
    at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.metaclass.MetaClassRegistryImpl.getMetaClass(MetaClassRegistryImpl.java:261)
    at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.InvokerHelper.getMetaClass(InvokerHelper.java:873)
    at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.CallSiteArray.createPojoSite(CallSiteArray.java:125)
    at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.CallSiteArray.createCallSite(CallSiteArray.java:166)
    at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.CallSiteArray.defaultCall(CallSiteArray.java:48)
    at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.AbstractCallSite.call(AbstractCallSite.java:113)
    at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.callsite.AbstractCallSite.call(AbstractCallSite.java:125)
    at io.restassured.internal.RequestSpecificationImpl.<clinit>(RequestSpecificationImpl.groovy:86)
    ... 19 more

解决方案 #

• 升级Rest Assured到兼容JDK 17的版本
  旧版本Rest Assured依赖的Groovy版本不支持JDK 17的模块系统，直接升级到5.x及以上的稳定版即可，这类版本已修复JDK 17的反射访问问题，无需额外配置。

• 添加JVM参数绕过模块限制（临时方案）
  如果暂时无法升级库版本，可在测试的JVM启动参数中添加以下配置，允许Groovy访问Java模块内部API：

  --add-opens java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED
  --add-opens java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED
  

  根据构建工具不同配置位置不同：

  • Maven：在pom.xml的maven-surefire-plugin中添加argLine参数
  • Gradle：在test任务中配置jvmArgs

• 改用RequestSpecBuilder替代静态全局配置
  避免直接使用Rest Assured的静态全局配置，改用RequestSpecBuilder创建请求规范，绕过静态初始化时的反射问题：

  RequestSpecification spec = new RequestSpecBuilder()
      .setBaseUri(Constants.BASE_URI)
      .setPort(Constants.PORT)
      .setBasePath(Constants.BASE_PATH)
      .build();
  // 测试中使用该规范
  given().spec(spec)...
  

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Dhiraj Shetty