调用Get接口从MongoDB获取数据时出现AxiosError 404错误

我能通过Post接口向MongoDB新增数据，但调用Get接口时出现「AxiosError: Request failed with status code 404」错误。测试URL为http://localhost:7000/roots/1，以下是相关代码和错误日志：

接口代码 #

const express = require('express');
const mongoose = require('mongoose');
const { ObjectId } = require('mongodb');
const { connectToDb, getDb, URI } = require('./db');
const Root = require('../models/Root');
const port = process.env.PORT || 7000;
const URL = 'http://localhost:7000'
const axios = require('axios');

// init & middleware
const app = express();
const router = express.Router();
app.use(express.json());

mongoose.set('strictQuery', false);
mongoose.set('bufferCommands', false);

let db
connectToDb((err) => {
  if (!err) {
    app.listen(port, () => {
      console.log(`Listening on port ${port}`);
    });
  }
});

mongoose.connect(URI, {
    useNewUrlParser: true,
    useUnifiedTopology: true,
});

// POST
app.post('/roots', async (req, res) => {
  const { root_id, node_id, name } = req.body;
  if (!root_id || !node_id || !name) {
    return res
      .status(400).send({ error: 'Please provide all required fields' });
  }
  const root = new Root({ root_id, node_id, name });
  try {
    const savedRoot = await root.save();
    res.send(root);
  } catch (err) {
    //console.error('Error saving root:', err);
    res.status(400).send(err);
  }
});

// GET
app.get('/roots/:root_id', async (req, res) => {
  try {
    const response = await axios.get(
      `${URL}/roots?filter={"where":{"root_id":${req.params.root_id}}}`
    );
    res.status(200).json(response.data);
  } catch (err) {
    console.error('Error getting root:', err);
    res.status(400).send(err);
    // res.status(500).json({ error: 'Could not fetch the root' });
  }
});

// DELETE
app.delete('/roots/:root_id', async (req, res) => {
  try {
    await axios.delete(`${URL}/roots/${req.params.root_id}`);
    res.status(200).json({ message: 'Root deleted successfully' });
  } catch (err) {
    console.error('Error getting root:', err);
    res.status(400).send(err);
    // res.status(500).json({ error: 'Could not delete the root' });
  }
  // Call to a method to delete all children nodes of the tree in the Node tables
});

// PATCH
app.patch('/roots/:root_id', async (req, res) => {
  try {
    const response = await axios.patch(
      `${URL}/roots/${req.params.root_id}`,
      req.body
    );
    res.status(200).json(response.data);
  } catch (err) {
    res.status(500).json({ error: 'Could not update the root' });
  }
});

数据库连接代码 #

// Use this file to connect to database - easy to switch between local and cloud for testing
const{MongoClient} = require('mongodb')

let dbConnection
// Connect to local database
let URI = 'mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/PM_AI'

module.exports = {
    connectToDb: (cb) => {
        MongoClient.connect(URI)
        // MongoClient.connect(cloudURI)
         .then((client) => {
            dbConnection = client.db()
            return cb()
         })
         .catch(err => {
            console.log(err)
            return cb(err)
         })
    },
    getDb: () => dbConnection,
    URI
}

错误日志 #

{
    "message": "Request failed with status code 404",
    "name": "AxiosError",
    "stack": "AxiosError: Request failed with status code 404\n    at settle (D:\\CSDS_395_Project\\AI-PM\\node_modules\\axios\\dist\\node\\axios.cjs:1900:12)\n    at IncomingMessage.handleStreamEnd (D:\\CSDS_395_Project\\AI-PM\\node_modules\\axios\\dist\\node\\axios.cjs:2944:11)\n    at IncomingMessage.emit (node:events:525:35)\n    at endReadableNT (node:internal/streams/readable:1359:12)\n    at process.processTicksAndRejections (node:internal/process/task_queues:82:21)",
    "config": {
        "transitional": {
            "silentJSONParsing": true,
            "forcedJSONParsing": true,
            "clarifyTimeoutError": false
        },
        "adapter": [
            "xhr",
            "http"
        ],
        "transformRequest": [
            null
        ],
        "transformResponse": [
            null
        ],
        "timeout": 0,
        "xsrfCookieName": "XSRF-TOKEN",
        "xsrfHeaderName": "X-XSRF-TOKEN",
        "maxContentLength": -1,
        "maxBodyLength": -1,
        "env": {},
        "headers": {
            "Accept": "application/json, text/plain, */*",
            "User-Agent": "axios/1.3.3",
            "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, compress, deflate, br"
        },
        "method": "get",
        "url": "http://localhost:7000/roots?filter={\"where\":{\"root_id\":1}}"
    },
    "code": "ERR_BAD_REQUEST",
    "status": 404
}

问题根源及修复方案 #

1. 核心问题：接口内部错误调用未定义路由 #

Get/Delete/Patch接口都在内部用axios调用自身服务的未定义路由，比如Get接口调用的/roots?filter=...，你的代码里只定义了/roots/:root_id和/roots（Post）路由，没有处理带filter参数的Get请求，直接导致404。

正确逻辑是直接通过Mongoose模型操作数据库，不需要通过axios调用自己的接口。

2. 冗余数据库连接 #

代码同时使用MongoClient（db.js）和Mongoose两种连接方式，造成冗余。既然已经定义Root模型，建议统一用Mongoose操作数据库。

修复后的代码示例 #

修复后的Get接口

app.get('/roots/:root_id', async (req, res) => {
  try {
    // 直接用Mongoose模型查询数据库
    const root = await Root.findOne({ root_id: req.params.root_id });
    if (!root) {
      return res.status(404).json({ error: 'Root不存在' });
    }
    res.status(200).json(root);
  } catch (err) {
    console.error('获取Root失败:', err);
    res.status(500).json({ error: '无法获取Root数据' });
  }
});

修复后的Delete接口

app.delete('/roots/:root_id', async (req, res) => {
  try {
    const deletedRoot = await Root.findOneAndDelete({ root_id: req.params.root_id });
    if (!deletedRoot) {
      return res.status(404).json({ error: 'Root不存在' });
    }
    res.status(200).json({ message: 'Root删除成功' });
    // 在这里调用删除子节点的逻辑
  } catch (err) {
    console.error('删除Root失败:', err);
    res.status(500).json({ error: '无法删除Root' });
  }
});

修复后的Patch接口

app.patch('/roots/:root_id', async (req, res) => {
  try {
    const updatedRoot = await Root.findOneAndUpdate(
      { root_id: req.params.root_id },
      req.body,
      { new: true, runValidators: true } // 返回更新后的文档，运行模型验证
    );
    if (!updatedRoot) {
      return res.status(404).json({ error: 'Root不存在' });
    }
    res.status(200).json(updatedRoot);
  } catch (err) {
    console.error('更新Root失败:', err);
    res.status(500).json({ error: '无法更新Root' });
  }
});

简化数据库连接逻辑

删除MongoClient相关代码，只保留Mongoose连接：

// 主文件中修改连接逻辑
const mongoose = require('mongoose');
const URI = 'mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/PM_AI';

mongoose.set('strictQuery', false);
mongoose.set('bufferCommands', false);

// 用Mongoose连接数据库，成功后启动服务
mongoose.connect(URI, {
  useNewUrlParser: true,
  useUnifiedTopology: true,
})
.then(() => {
  app.listen(port, () => {
    console.log(`服务运行在端口 ${port}`);
  });
})
.catch(err => {
  console.error('数据库连接失败:', err);
});

同时可删除db.js中的MongoClient相关代码，仅保留URI导出（如需复用）。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Jack Miller