Python报错Errno 2：无法找到user.txt文件求助

问题描述 #

我是Python新手，运行代码时遇到错误：Errno 2 No such file or directory: 'user.txt'。明明user.txt和passw.txt与Python脚本在同一目录，但Python就是识别不到这些文件。我试过谷歌搜索、本站其他解决方案，还换过文件名，都没用，请求帮忙实现对这两个文件的读写功能。

IDE目录截图显示脚本与user.txt、passw.txt处于同一目录。

我的代码 #

question1 = input(" Do You Have a User Account? Yes or No ")
if question1 == ('y') or ("Yes") or ("yes") or ("Y"):
    question1 = ('n')
elif question1 == ('n') or ("No") or ("no") or ("N"):
    question1 = ('y')
else:
    print (' That is not an option ')

user = open("user.txt")
read1 = user.read()

passw = open("passw.txt")
read2 = passw.read()


if question1 == ("y"):

    user = open("user.txt")

    read1 = user.read()



    user.close

    user = open("user.txt","a+")
    x = input("please enter a username ")
    user.write("\n")

    user.write(x)


    passw = open("passw.txt")

    read2 = passw.read()



    passw.close

    passw = open("passw.txt","a+")
    x = input("please enter a password ")
    passw.write("\n")

    passw.write(x)
else:
    print(" wait a second please")

score = (0)

user = input("please enter your username ")
user = open("user.txt","r")
read1 = user.read()
if user in read1:
    print("yes")
    score =+ (1)
    user.close()
else:
    print("no")


if score == (1):
    print("Please Continue")

解决方案 #

1. 解决文件路径问题 #

Python脚本运行时的工作目录不一定是脚本所在目录，这是核心原因。两种修复方式：

• 方法一：用绝对路径加载文件
  在代码开头添加以下代码，自动获取脚本所在目录并拼接文件路径，确保不会找错位置：

  import os
  # 获取脚本所在目录的绝对路径
  script_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
  # 拼接文件的完整路径
  user_file = os.path.join(script_dir, "user.txt")
  passw_file = os.path.join(script_dir, "passw.txt")
  

  后续所有操作文件的地方，把"user.txt"换成user_file，"passw.txt"换成passw_file即可。

• 方法二：在IDE中设置工作目录
  打开IDE的运行配置（比如VS Code的 launch.json、PyCharm的运行配置），将工作目录设置为脚本所在的文件夹。

2. 修复代码中的其他错误 #

你的代码还有几个逻辑问题，即使找到文件也会出错：

• 条件判断逻辑错误：原代码中if question1 == ('y') or ("Yes")...永远为True，因为("Yes")本身是布尔值True。正确写法：

  if question1.lower() in ['y', 'yes']:
      question1 = 'n'
  elif question1.lower() in ['n', 'no']:
      question1 = 'y'
  else:
      print(' That is not an option ')
  

• 文件未正确关闭：user.close没有加括号，不会执行关闭操作。推荐用with语句自动管理文件，避免遗漏：

  # 读取文件示例
  with open(user_file, 'r') as f:
      read1 = f.read()
  
  # 追加写入文件示例
  with open(user_file, 'a+') as f:
      x = input("please enter a username ")
      f.write(f"\n{x}")
  

• 变量名冲突：代码中user = input(...)之后又把user赋值为文件对象，覆盖了输入的用户名，导致if user in read1:判断失效。要换不同的变量名：

  username_input = input("please enter your username ")
  with open(user_file, 'r') as f:
      read1 = f.read()
  if username_input in read1:
      print("yes")
      score += 1
  else:
      print("no")
  

• 赋值错误：score =+ (1)应该是score += 1，前者会直接把score设为1，后者是在原有值基础上加1。

修正后的完整代码 #

import os

# 获取脚本所在目录并拼接文件路径
script_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
user_file = os.path.join(script_dir, "user.txt")
passw_file = os.path.join(script_dir, "passw.txt")

question1 = input(" Do You Have a User Account? Yes or No ")
if question1.lower() in ['y', 'yes']:
    question1 = 'n'
elif question1.lower() in ['n', 'no']:
    question1 = 'y'
else:
    print(' That is not an option ')

# 初始化文件内容（文件不存在则创建空内容）
try:
    with open(user_file, 'r') as f:
        read1 = f.read()
    with open(passw_file, 'r') as f:
        read2 = f.read()
except FileNotFoundError:
    read1 = ""
    read2 = ""

if question1 == "y":
    # 写入用户名
    with open(user_file, 'a+') as f:
        x = input("please enter a username ")
        f.write(f"\n{x}")
    # 写入密码
    with open(passw_file, 'a+') as f:
        x = input("please enter a password ")
        f.write(f"\n{x}")
else:
    print(" wait a second please")

score = 0

username_input = input("please enter your username ")
with open(user_file, 'r') as f:
    read1 = f.read()
if username_input in read1:
    print("yes")
    score += 1
else:
    print("no")

if score == 1:
    print("Please Continue")

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者AnAceCase