Docker中Nginx部署Laravel仅显示首页，其他路由404问题

通过Docker Compose部署Nginx与Laravel（PHP 8-FPM）服务，已配置目录挂载、端口映射及Nginx SSL站点规则。访问根路由/可正常显示Laravel欢迎页，但访问自定义路由/wel时出现404 Not Found错误，排查后怀疑Nginx的default.conf配置存在问题。

相关配置 #

Docker Compose配置 #

nginx:
    image: nginx
    volumes:
    - ./app:/var/www/html:delegated
    - ./config/nginx/default.conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
    ports:
      - "444:444"
    depends_on:
      - laravel
laravel:
    image: php:8-fpm
    volumes:
      - ./app:/var/www/html:delegated
    ports:
      - "4444:4444"

Nginx配置文件default.conf #

server {
    index index.php;
    listen 444 ssl;
    server_name local.myapp;
    root /var/www/html/public;
    ssl_certificate     /root/ssl/certificate.pem;
    ssl_certificate_key /root/ssl/key.pem;
    ssl_protocols       TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
    ssl_ciphers         HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    location ~ [^/]\.php(/|$) {
        try_files $uri =404;
        fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+?\.php)(/.*)$;
        root /var/www/html/public;
        fastcgi_pass laravel:4444;
        fastcgi_index  index.php;
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        fastcgi_read_timeout 900s;
        include        fastcgi_params;
    }
}           

Laravel路由配置 #

Route::get('/', function () {
    return view('welcome');
});
Route::get('/wel', function () {
    return view('welcome');
});

解决方案 #

修改Nginx的default.conf，添加处理非静态文件路由的location /块，将所有非静态文件请求转发到Laravel入口文件index.php：

server {
    index index.php;
    listen 444 ssl;
    server_name local.myapp;
    root /var/www/html/public;
    ssl_certificate     /root/ssl/certificate.pem;
    ssl_certificate_key /root/ssl/key.pem;
    ssl_protocols       TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
    ssl_ciphers         HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;

    # 优先处理静态文件，不存在则转发到Laravel入口
    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
    }

    location ~ [^/]\.php(/|$) {
        try_files $uri =404;
        fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+?\.php)(/.*)$;
        root /var/www/html/public;
        fastcgi_pass laravel:4444;
        fastcgi_index  index.php;
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        fastcgi_read_timeout 900s;
        include        fastcgi_params;
    }
}           

原因分析 #

• 根路由/能正常访问，是因为Nginx的index index.php配置自动将根路径指向index.php，触发了PHP处理规则。
• 自定义路由/wel不属于PHP文件请求，原有配置中无对应处理逻辑，Nginx会尝试查找/var/www/html/public/wel文件或目录，找不到则返回404。
• 添加location /块后，Nginx先尝试访问静态文件，若不存在则将请求转发到index.php，由Laravel路由系统解析自定义路由，从而解决404问题。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者oderfla