当#include位于头文件时，Makefile编译无法找到SFML库文件

我正在编写一个最小可复现示例，实现向SFML窗口输出“Applesauce”文本，涉及main.cpp、source.cc、header.hpp和Makefile四个自定义文件。当在header.hpp中包含<SFML/Graphics.hpp>时，执行mingw32-make编译会报错，提示找不到SFML/Graphics.hpp文件；但将该#include语句移至main.cpp时，程序可正常编译。我需要在header.hpp中包含该头文件，以便后续在.cc文件中编写依赖SFML库的函数，希望得到解决方法。

相关文件内容 #

main.cpp #

#include "header.hpp"

int main()
{
    sf::RenderWindow window(sf::VideoMode(200, 200), "My window");
    sf::Font font;
    font.loadFromFile("arial.ttf");

    sf::Text text;
    text.setFont(font);
    text.setString(get_string());
    text.setCharacterSize(24);
    text.setFillColor(sf::Color::Red);

    while (window.isOpen())
    {
        sf::Event event;
        while (window.pollEvent(event))
        {
            if (event.type == sf::Event::Closed)
                window.close();
        }

        window.clear();
        window.draw(text);
        window.display();
    }

    return 0;
}

header.hpp #

#ifndef HEADER_H
#define HEADER_H

#include <iostream>
#include <SFML/Graphics.hpp>

std::string get_string();

#endif // HEADER_H

source.cc #

#include "../header.hpp"

std::string get_string() {
    return "Applesauce";
}

Makefile #

# Compiler
CC=g++

# Flags for the C++ compiler
CXXFLAGS=-Wall -Wextra -pedantic -std=c++17

# Include directory for SFML and the header files for your project
INCLUDE=-Isrc -Isrc/include -Iscripts

# Libraries to link against
LIBS=-L src/lib -l sfml-graphics -l sfml-window -l sfml-system

# List of source files
SRCS=main.cpp scripts/source.cc

# List of object files
OBJS=$(patsubst %.cpp,%.o,$(SRCS))

# Executable file to create
EXEC=applesauce

all: $(EXEC)

$(EXEC): $(OBJS)
    $(CC) $(OBJS) -o $(EXEC) $(LIBS)

main.o: main.cpp 
    $(CC) $(CXXFLAGS) $(INCLUDE) -c main.cpp -o main.o

scripts/source.o: scripts/source.cc 
    $(CC) $(CXXFLAGS) $(INCLUDE) -c scripts/source.cc -o scripts/source.o

clean:
    rm -f $(EXEC) $(OBJS)

编译错误信息 #

PS C:\Users\[My Windows User Name]\Documents\C++ Visual Studio Projects\Headers and Scripts and SFML v4> mingw32-make
g++ main.o scripts/source.cc -o applesauce -L src/lib -l sfml-graphics -l sfml-window -l sfml-system
In file included from scripts/source.cc:1:
scripts/../header.hpp:5:10: fatal error: SFML/Graphics.hpp: No such file or directory
 #include <SFML/Graphics.hpp>
          ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
mingw32-make: *** [Makefile:25: applesauce] Error 1

问题出在Makefile的OBJS变量生成规则上：

• SRCS包含了.cpp和.cc两种后缀的文件，但patsubst %.cpp,%.o,$(SRCS)只会将.cpp后缀的文件转换为.o目标文件，source.cc因后缀是.cc不会被处理，导致OBJS中仅包含main.o。
• 当Make执行链接步骤时，发现缺少scripts/source.o，会调用默认编译规则处理scripts/source.cc，但默认规则不会使用你定义的CXXFLAGS和INCLUDE参数，导致编译时找不到SFML的头文件路径。

修改Makefile中的OBJS变量，确保同时处理.cpp和.cc后缀的源文件，替换原有的OBJS行：

# List of object files
OBJS=$(patsubst %.cpp,%.o,$(filter %.cpp,$(SRCS))) $(patsubst %.cc,%.o,$(filter %.cc,$(SRCS)))

或者更简洁的链式替换写法：

OBJS=$(SRCS:.cpp=.o)
OBJS=$(OBJS:.cc=.o)

修改后重新执行mingw32-make，Make会按照你定义的规则编译scripts/source.cc，正确传递INCLUDE参数，从而找到SFML的头文件。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Game_Freeze