Flutter集成Firebase项目构建报错：Target kernel_snapshot失败求助

错误信息 #

Target kernel_snapshot failed: ProcessException: Dosya virüslü olduğundan veya istenmeyebilecek yazılım içerdiğinden işlem başarılı bir şekilde tamamlanmadı.

  Command: D:\src\flutter\bin\cache\dart-sdk\bin\dart.exe --disable-dart-dev D:\src\flutter\bin\cache\dart-sdk\bin\snapshots\frontend_server.dart.snapshot --sdk-root D:\src\flutter\bin\cache\artifacts\engine\common\flutter_patched_sdk/ --target=flutter --no-print-incremental-dependencies -Dflutter.inspector.structuredErrors=true -DFLUTTER_WEB_AUTO_DETECT=true -Ddart.vm.profile=false -Ddart.vm.product=false --enable-asserts --track-widget-creation --no-link-platform --packages D:\projeler\Flutter\Canny\.dart_tool\package_config.json --output-dill D:\projeler\Flutter\Canny\.dart_tool\flutter_build\d95b557b9d143169b0dead4fda0df2c0\app.dill --depfile D:\projeler\Flutter\Canny\.dart_tool\flutter_build\d95b557b9d143169b0dead4fda0df2c0\kernel_snapshot.d --incremental --initialize-from-dill D:\projeler\Flutter\Canny\.dart_tool\flutter_build\d95b557b9d143169b0dead4fda0df2c0\app.dill --source file:///D:/projeler/Flutter/Canny/.dart_tool/flutter_build/dart_plugin_registrant.dart --source package:flutter/src/dart_plugin_registrant.dart -Dflutter.dart_plugin_registrant=file:///D:/projeler/Flutter/Canny/.dart_tool/flutter_build/dart_plugin_registrant.dart --verbosity=error package:canny/main.dart


FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.

* Where:
Script 'D:\src\flutter\packages\flutter_tools\gradle\flutter.gradle' line: 1151

* What went wrong:
Execution failed for task ':app:compileFlutterBuildDebug'.
> Process 'command 'D:\src\flutter\bin\flutter.bat'' finished with non-zero exit value 1

* Try:
> Run with --stacktrace option to get the stack trace.
> Run with --info or --debug option to get more log output.
> Run with --scan to get full insights.

* Get more help at https://help.gradle.org

BUILD FAILED in 8s

土耳其语提示翻译：操作未成功完成，因为文件被感染或包含潜在不需要的软件。

背景信息 #

• 集成Firebase数据库与身份验证的Flutter项目，构建或运行模拟器时触发错误
• 此前有类似构建失败，执行flutter upgrade --force后出现当前错误
• 同项目Git协作队友可正常构建运行
• 已执行flutter doctor -v、gradlew build --stacktrace，flutter doctor -v结果：

• Flutter version 3.7.5 on channel stable at D:\src\flutter                                  
    • Upstream repository https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git                                  
    • Framework revision c07f788888 (5 days ago), 2023-02-22 17:52:33 -0600                       
    • Engine revision 0f359063c4                                                                 
    • Dart version 2.19.2
    • DevTools version 2.20.1

[√] Windows Version (Installed version of Windows is version 10 or higher)

[√] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 33.0.1)
    • Android SDK at C:\Users\DELL\AppData\Local\Android\Sdk
    • Platform android-TiramisuPrivacySandbox, build-tools 33.0.1
    • ANDROID_HOME = C:\Users\DELL\AppData\Local\Android\Sdk
    • Java binary at: D:\ANDSTUD\jre\bin\java
    • Java version OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 11.0.13+0-b1751.21-8125866)
    • All Android licenses accepted.

[√] Chrome - develop for the web
    • Chrome at C:\Program Files (x86)\Google\Chrome\Application\chrome.exe

[!] Visual Studio - develop for Windows (Visual Studio Community 2019 16.11.9)
    • Visual Studio at C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community
    • Visual Studio Community 2019 version 16.11.32106.194
    • Windows 10 SDK version 10.0.19041.0
    X Visual Studio is missing necessary components. Please re-run the Visual Studio installer for the \"Desktop development with C++\" workload, and include these components:       
        MSVC v142 - VS 2019 C++ x64/x86 build tools
         - If there are multiple build tool versions available, install the latest
        C++ CMake tools for Windows
        Windows 10 SDK

[√] Android Studio (version 2021.3)
    • Android Studio at D:\ANDSTUD
    • Flutter plugin can be installed from:
       https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/9212-flutter
    • Dart plugin can be installed from:
       https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/6351-dart
    • Java version OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 11.0.13+0-b1751.21-8125866)

[√] Connected device (3 available)
    • Windows (desktop) • windows • windows-x64    • Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.19044.2604]
    • Chrome (web)      • chrome  • web-javascript • Google Chrome 110.0.5481.177
    • Edge (web)        • edge    • web-javascript • Microsoft Edge 110.0.1587.57

[√] HTTP Host Availability
    • All required HTTP hosts are available

! Doctor found issues in 1 category.

解决步骤 #

1. 处理安全软件拦截 #

错误提示明确指向安全软件判定文件异常，需：

• 关闭Windows Defender实时保护，或添加D:\src\flutter和项目目录到安全排除列表
• 检查第三方杀毒软件，确认是否拦截dart.exe或Flutter相关进程，添加对应路径到白名单

2. 清理并重置Flutter缓存 #

执行以下命令：

flutter clean
flutter pub get
flutter pub cache repair

3. 同步项目依赖版本 #

由于队友可正常构建，确保本地依赖与远程一致：

• 删除项目根目录下的pubspec.lock文件
• 执行flutter pub get拉取匹配版本的依赖

4. 修复Visual Studio缺失组件 #

根据flutter doctor提示，打开Visual Studio安装器，安装「使用C++的桌面开发」工作负载，并确保包含：

• MSVC v142 - VS 2019 C++ x64/x86生成工具（选择最新版本）
• Windows的C++ CMake工具
• Windows 10 SDK

5. 重新下载Dart SDK #

若Dart SDK损坏，执行：

• 删除D:\src\flutter\bin\cache\dart-sdk目录
• 运行flutter doctor，Flutter会自动重新下载完整的Dart SDK

6. 重新克隆项目 #

若以上步骤无效，从Git重新克隆项目到新目录：

git clone <项目仓库地址>
cd <项目目录>
flutter pub get
flutter run

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者alibk1