Python Kivy代码转exe报Unable to get window错误求解决方案

本人开发的Python KivyMD代码可正常运行，但转换为exe可执行文件时出现「Unable to get window, abort」错误。已尝试cx_freeze、重装Kivy等方案，均未解决，求可行的打包实现方法。
原代码如下：

from kivymd.app import MDApp
from kivy.uix.boxlayout import BoxLayout
from kivy.uix.image import Image
from kivy.clock import Clock
from kivymd.uix.textfield import MDTextField
from kivymd.uix.button import MDFloatingActionButton


class main(BoxLayout,MDApp):
    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(**kwargs)
        self.orientation = "vertical"
        self.a = MDTextField(size_hint_y=.1, hint_text="Write for translate", helper_text="Press the button for translate",helper_text_mode="on_focus", icon_right="cursor-text", size_hint_x=None, width=300,pos_hint={'center_x':0.5,'center_y':0.96})
        self.add_widget(self.a)
        self.b = MDFloatingActionButton(size_hint_y=.1, icon='translate',pos_hint={'center_x':0.5,'center_y':0.96})
        self.add_widget(self.b)
        self.b.bind(on_release=self.show_data)
        self.layout = BoxLayout(size_hint_y=.8)
        self.add_widget(self.layout)

    def show_data(self, show):
        self.list = self.a.text.split()
        for i in range(len(self.list)):
            if not self.list[i].endswith(".png"):
                self.list[i] += ".png"
        print(self.list)
        Clock.schedule_once(self.call)

    def call(self, call):
        self.numb = 0
        Clock.schedule_interval(self.do, 0.7)

    def do(self, do):
        if (self.numb < len(self.list)):
            self.layout.clear_widgets()
            self.layout.add_widget(Image(source=self.list[self.numb]))
            self.numb += 1
        else:
            self.numb = 0
            self.list = [self.a.text]
            Clock.unschedule(self.do)
            self.layout.clear_widgets()


class app(MDApp):
    def build(self):
        return main()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    app().run()

一、先修正代码中的核心错误 #

原代码中main类同时继承BoxLayout和MDApp是错误逻辑——MDApp是应用入口类，布局类只需单独继承BoxLayout。同时添加资源路径处理函数，适配打包后的文件读取：

from kivymd.app import MDApp
from kivy.uix.boxlayout import BoxLayout
from kivy.uix.image import Image
from kivy.clock import Clock
from kivymd.uix.textfield import MDTextField
from kivymd.uix.button import MDFloatingActionButton
import sys
import os

def get_resource_path(relative_path):
    # 兼容打包前后的资源路径读取
    try:
        base_path = sys._MEIPASS
    except Exception:
        base_path = os.path.abspath(".")
    return os.path.join(base_path, relative_path)

class main(BoxLayout):
    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(**kwargs)
        self.orientation = "vertical"
        self.a = MDTextField(size_hint_y=.1, hint_text="Write for translate", helper_text="Press the button for translate",helper_text_mode="on_focus", icon_right="cursor-text", size_hint_x=None, width=300,pos_hint={'center_x':0.5,'center_y':0.96})
        self.add_widget(self.a)
        self.b = MDFloatingActionButton(size_hint_y=.1, icon='translate',pos_hint={'center_x':0.5,'center_y':0.96})
        self.add_widget(self.b)
        self.b.bind(on_release=self.show_data)
        self.layout = BoxLayout(size_hint_y=.8)
        self.add_widget(self.layout)

    def show_data(self, show):
        self.list = self.a.text.split()
        for i in range(len(self.list)):
            if not self.list[i].endswith(".png"):
                self.list[i] += ".png"
            # 转换为兼容打包的资源路径
            self.list[i] = get_resource_path(self.list[i])
        print(self.list)
        Clock.schedule_once(self.call)

    def call(self, call):
        self.numb = 0
        Clock.schedule_interval(self.do, 0.7)

    def do(self, do):
        if (self.numb < len(self.list)):
            self.layout.clear_widgets()
            self.layout.add_widget(Image(source=self.list[self.numb]))
            self.numb += 1
        else:
            self.numb = 0
            self.list = [self.a.text]
            Clock.unschedule(self.do)
            self.layout.clear_widgets()

class app(MDApp):
    def build(self):
        return main()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app().run()

二、使用PyInstaller打包的具体步骤 #

1. 安装PyInstaller #

pip install pyinstaller

2. 生成spec配置文件 #

在代码所在目录执行：

pyi-makespec --name translate_app main.py

生成translate_app.spec文件。

3. 修改spec文件适配KivyMD #

打开translate_app.spec，修改Analysis部分，添加KivyMD资源、你的图片文件及缺失的模块：

# -*- mode: python ; coding: utf-8 -*-
import os
from kivymd import hooks_path as kivymd_hooks_path

block_cipher = None

a = Analysis(
    ['main.py'],
    pathex=[],
    binaries=[],
    # 配置需要打包的资源：当前目录下的png图片、KivyMD内置图标
    datas=[
        ('*.png', '.'),
        (os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'venv/Lib/site-packages/kivymd/images'), 'kivymd/images')
    ],
    # 手动添加KivyMD动态导入的模块，避免打包遗漏
    hiddenimports=['kivymd.uix.button', 'kivymd.uix.textfield', 'kivy.uix.image', 'kivy.clock'],
    hookspath=[kivymd_hooks_path],
    hooksconfig={},
    runtime_hooks=[],
    excludes=[],
    win_no_prefer_redirects=False,
    win_private_assemblies=False,
    cipher=block_cipher,
    noarchive=False,
)
pyz = PYZ(a.pure, a.zipped_data, cipher=block_cipher)

exe = EXE(
    pyz,
    a.scripts,
    a.binaries,
    a.zipfiles,
    a.datas,
    [],
    name='translate_app',
    debug=False,
    bootloader_ignore_signals=False,
    strip=False,
    upx=True,
    upx_exclude=[],
    runtime_tmpdir=None,
    console=True,  # 若要隐藏控制台窗口，改为False
    disable_windowed_traceback=False,
    argv_emulation=False,
    target_arch=None,
    codesign_identity=None,
    entitlements_file=None,
)

注意：kivymd/images的路径需根据你的虚拟环境实际位置调整

4. 执行打包 #

pyinstaller translate_app.spec

打包完成后，exe文件位于dist/translate_app目录下，将你的png图片放入该目录即可运行。

三、关键注意事项 #

• 禁止布局类继承MDApp，否则会导致应用初始化冲突，引发窗口创建失败；
• 必须通过sys._MEIPASS处理资源路径，打包后代码无法直接读取本地相对路径；
• 利用KivyMD的hookspath可自动处理部分依赖，减少手动添加hiddenimports的工作量；
• 若仍报错，尝试关闭杀毒软件——部分杀毒软件会拦截PyInstaller生成的启动程序。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者NUrluk