特定机器上ClickOnce WPF最新版本本地安装激活失败求助

环境概述 #

我们有3台测试服务器，配置如下：

应用套件包含Windows服务和交互式应用，后者通过ClickOnce包部署到IIS，测试时从应用服务器下载并本地安装（含升级旧版本）。

将两个ClickOnce WPF应用命名为A和B，后缀1代表旧版本，2代表最新版本。版本2的A和B仅修改了UI行为，未改动引用、依赖，未编辑项目文件，构建流程完全一致（脚本执行）。A和B性质相似，仅A引用了System.DirectoryServices.AccountManagement。

故障现象 #

• 部署到TS3的A2，管理员本地下载安装失败
• 部署到TS1的A2，在TS3上由管理员下载安装时出现完全相同的失败
• 部署到TS1的A2，管理员本地下载安装完全正常
• 部署到TS3的A2，在TS1或TS2上由管理员本地下载安装完全正常
• B1和B2可任意部署安装，不受服务器限制

A2仅在TS3上的激活阶段失败，且失败发生在询问用户是否安装未知发布者应用之前（使用Visual Studio生成的自签名测试证书签名ClickOnce部署）。

错误日志 #

PLATFORM VERSION INFO
    Windows             : 10.0.22621.0 (Win32NT)
    Common Language Runtime     : 4.0.30319.42000
    System.Deployment.dll       : 4.8.9032.0 built by: NET481REL1
    clr.dll             : 4.8.9139.0 built by: NET481REL1LAST_B
    dfdll.dll           : 4.8.9032.0 built by: NET481REL1
    dfshim.dll          : 10.0.22621.30000 (WinBuild.160101.0800)

SOURCES
    Deployment url          : http://desktop-vtq5f2f/AppAch/client/AppAcw.application

ERROR SUMMARY
    Below is a summary of the errors, details of these errors are listed later in the log.
    * Activation of http://desktop-vtq5f2f/AppAch/client/AppAcw.application resulted in exception. Following failure messages were detected:
        + The referenced assembly is not installed on your system. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x800736B3)

COMPONENT STORE TRANSACTION FAILURE SUMMARY
    No transaction error was detected.

WARNINGS
    There were no warnings during this operation.

OPERATION PROGRESS STATUS
    * [3/1/2023 12:39:54 PM] : Activation of http://desktop-vtq5f2f/AppAch/client/AppAcw.application has started.

ERROR DETAILS
    Following errors were detected during this operation.
    * [3/1/2023 12:40:03 PM] System.Runtime.InteropServices.COMException
        - The referenced assembly is not installed on your system. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x800736B3)
        - Source: System.Deployment
        - Stack trace:
            at System.Deployment.Internal.Isolation.IStore.GetAssemblyInformation(UInt32 Flags, IDefinitionIdentity DefinitionIdentity, Guid& riid)
            at System.Deployment.Internal.Isolation.Store.GetAssemblyManifest(UInt32 Flags, IDefinitionIdentity DefinitionIdentity)
            at System.Deployment.Application.ComponentStore.GetAssemblyManifestFromStore(DefinitionIdentity asmId)
            at System.Deployment.Application.ComponentStore.GetAssemblyManifestWithRetry(DefinitionIdentity asmId, TimeSpan retryInterval, Int32 maxRetryCount)
            at System.Deployment.Application.ComponentStore.GetSubscriptionStateInternal(DefinitionIdentity subId)
            at System.Deployment.Application.SubscriptionStore.GetSubscriptionStateInternal(SubscriptionState subState)
            at System.Deployment.Application.SubscriptionStore.CheckAndReferenceApplication(SubscriptionState subState, DefinitionAppId appId, Int64 transactionId)
            at System.Deployment.Application.DownloadManager.DownloadDeploymentManifestDirectBypass(SubscriptionStore subStore, Uri& sourceUri, TempFile& tempFile, SubscriptionState& subState, IDownloadNotification notification, DownloadOptions options, ServerInformation& serverInformation)
            at System.Deployment.Application.DownloadManager.DownloadDeploymentManifestBypass(SubscriptionStore subStore, Uri& sourceUri, TempFile& tempFile, SubscriptionState& subState, IDownloadNotification notification, DownloadOptions options)
            at System.Deployment.Application.ApplicationActivator.PerformDeploymentActivation(Uri activationUri, Boolean isShortcut, String textualSubId, String deploymentProviderUrlFromExtension, BrowserSettings browserSettings, String& errorPageUrl, Uri& deploymentUri)
            at System.Deployment.Application.ApplicationActivator.PerformDeploymentActivationWithRetry(Uri activationUri, Boolean isShortcut, String textualSubId, String deploymentProviderUrlFromExtension, BrowserSettings browserSettings, String& errorPageUrl)
--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
            at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()
            at System.Deployment.Application.ApplicationActivator.PerformDeploymentActivationWithRetry(Uri activationUri, Boolean isShortcut, String textualSubId, String deploymentProviderUrlFromExtension, BrowserSettings browserSettings, String& errorPageUrl)
            at System.Deployment.Application.ApplicationActivator.ActivateDeploymentWorker(Object state)

COMPONENT STORE TRANSACTION DETAILS
    No transaction information is available.

排查动作 #

1. 在TS3上搜索System.DirectoryServices.AccountManagement.dll，确认该文件存在于以下路径：

   C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\assembly\GAC_MSIL\System.DirectoryServices.AccountManagement\v4.0_4.0.0.0__b77a5c561934e089
   C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319
   C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319
   

2. 验证A1可在TS3正常下载安装，将A2文件夹复制到TS3也能正常运行，排除引用库缺失问题，确定故障出在安装环节
3. 搜索错误码0x800736B3，确认该错误对应winerror.h中的ERROR_SXS_ASSEMBLY_NOT_FOUND；查阅相关案例，部分案例无有效解答，另有案例提到清理ClickOnce缓存，但该操作已执行无效：
   • 执行rundll32 %SystemRoot%\system32\dfshim.dll CleanOnlineAppCache删除C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Local\Apps\2.0下的所有文件和大部分子文件夹，重启TS3后故障依旧
   • 执行mage.exe -cc，无效果
4. 检查Windows事件日志，无相关记录

疑问与求助 #

逻辑上判断问题出在TS3，但具体是什么问题？该如何进一步排查？

Side-by-side assembly（SxS）提示问题出在系统而非应用，但为何之前从未出现？为何只影响A2这一个应用？

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Astrogator