Java8 Spring Boot应用部署IBM WebSphere 8.5.5.21启动失败求助

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问题：Spring Boot 2.7.7 + Java 8 部署至 WebSphere 8.5.5.21 启动失败

本地运行正常，但部署到IBM WebSphere 8.5.5.21后启动失败，报错显示javax.persistence.Table.indexes()方法不存在，提示Hibernate的EntityBinder与JPA的Table类版本不兼容。

错误日志

Error starting ApplicationContext. To display the conditions report re-run your application with 'debug' enabled.
[3/2/23 18:10:22:903 IST] 0000028e SystemOut     O 2023-03-02 18:10:22.902 ERROR 1023660 --- [ebContainer : 4] o.s.b.d.LoggingFailureAnalysisReporter   :

***************************
APPLICATION FAILED TO START
***************************

Description:

An attempt was made to call a method that does not exist. The attempt was made from the following location:

    org.hibernate.cfg.annotations.EntityBinder.processComplementaryTableDefinitions(EntityBinder.java:1239)

The following method did not exist:

    javax/persistence/Table.indexes()[Ljavax/persistence/Index;

The calling method's class, org.hibernate.cfg.annotations.EntityBinder, was loaded from the following location:

    wsjar:file:/opt/IBM/WebSphere/AppServer/profiles/AppSrv03/installedApps/BSIBWASNode03Cell/Schedulers_war.ear/Schedulers.war/WEB-INF/lib/hibernate-core-5.6.14.Final.jar!/org/hibernate/cfg/annotations/EntityBinder.class

The called method's class, javax.persistence.Table, is available from the following locations:

    bundleresource://234.fwk804200143/javax/persistence/Table.class
    jar:file:/opt/IBM/WebSphere/AppServer/lib/j2ee.jar!/javax/persistence/Table.class
    wsjar:file:/opt/IBM/WebSphere/AppServer/profiles/AppSrv03/installedApps/BSIBWASNode03Cell/Schedulers_war.ear/Schedulers.war/WEB-INF/lib/jakarta.persistence-api-2.2.3.jar!/javax/persistence/Table.class

The called method's class hierarchy was loaded from the following locations:

    javax.persistence.Table: file:/opt/IBM/WebSphere/AppServer/plugins/javax.j2ee.persistence.jar


Action:

Correct the classpath of your application so that it contains compatible versions of the classes org.hibernate.cfg.annotations.EntityBinder and javax.persistence.Table

pom.xml 配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.7.7</version>
        <relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.kgisl.bsibschedulers</groupId>
    <artifactId>BSIB-Schedulers</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.0</version>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <name>bsibschedulers</name>
    <description>BSIB Scheduler services</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-validation</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webflux</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-legacy</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.oracle.database.jdbc</groupId>
            <artifactId>ojdbc8</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>net.sf.json-lib</groupId>
            <artifactId>json-lib</artifactId>
            <version>2.4</version>
            <classifier>jdk15</classifier>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <finalName>Schedulers</finalName>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <excludes>
                        <exclude>
                            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                        </exclude>
                    </excludes>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

主类代码

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.support.SpringBootServletInitializer;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableScheduling
public class BsibschedulersApplication extends SpringBootServletInitializer {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("BsibschedulersApplication Started");
        SpringApplication.run(BsibschedulersApplication.class, args);
    }

    @Override
    protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {
        System.out.println("BsibschedulersApplication Configure");
        return application.sources(BsibschedulersApplication.class);
    }
}

解决方案

问题根源

WebSphere 8.5.5.21自带JPA 2.0版本，而Spring Boot 2.7.7依赖的Hibernate 5.6.x需要JPA 2.2支持，javax.persistence.Table.indexes()是JPA 2.1新增的方法，WebSphere自带的旧版本JPA没有该方法。同时WebSphere默认优先加载自身库中的类，导致应用的Hibernate与WebSphere的JPA版本冲突。

解决步骤

排除Spring Boot JPA依赖中的JPA API
修改spring-boot-starter-data-jpa依赖，排除jakarta.persistence-api，避免应用打包自带JPA API：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
    <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
            <groupId>jakarta.persistence</groupId>
            <artifactId>jakarta.persistence-api</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
    </exclusions>
</dependency>

调整WebSphere类加载策略
在WebSphere控制台修改应用配置：
- 进入应用管理页面，找到目标应用，点击类加载和更新检测
- 将类加载顺序设为类加载器的类路径优先（让应用自身类优先于WebSphere系统库加载）
- 将WAR类加载器策略设为每个WAR文件使用单独的类加载器
降级Hibernate版本（可选）
若类加载策略调整后仍有问题，可降级Hibernate到兼容JPA 2.0的版本（如Hibernate 4.3.x），在pom.xml中指定版本：
```
<properties>
    <hibernate.version>4.3.11.Final</hibernate.version>
</properties>
```
注意：降级需确认Spring Data JPA与Hibernate版本兼容性，Spring Boot 2.7.x默认适配Hibernate 5.6，降级后可能需调整其他依赖。
移除冗余依赖
删除pom.xml中的javax.servlet-api依赖，WebSphere已自带兼容版本，避免冲突。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Sakthi Prasad S

Java8 Spring Boot应用部署IBM WebSphere 8.5.5.21启动失败求助

错误日志 #

pom.xml 配置 #

主类代码 #

问题根源 #

解决步骤 #

错误日志

pom.xml 配置

主类代码

问题根源

解决步骤