如何检查元素子项是否存在并将嵌套errors字段归集至顶层

需求说明 #

我们有如下原始JSON数据：

{
  student: {
    firstName: 'Seif',
    lastName: 'Ali',
    countryOfCitizenship: 'EG',
    nationalId: '21106250100531',
    gender: 'MALE',
    dateOfBirth: '2011-06-25',
    errors: ['invalid nationalId '],
  },
  firstGuardian: {
    firstName: 'Ali',
    lastName: 'Ahmed',
    phoneNumber: '0101660666',
    email: 'jojo@gmail.com',
    countryOfCitizenship: 'EG',
    nationalId: '28108090100531',
    gender: 'MALE',
    dateOfBirth: '1981-08-09',
    errors: ['invalid phone Number '],
  },
  secondGuardian: {
    firstName: 'Aya',
    lastName: 'Adel',
    phoneNumber: '01016605555',
    email: 'aya@gmail.com',
    countryOfCitizenship: 'EG',
    nationalId: '29710250103561',
    gender: 'FEMALE',
    dateOfBirth: '1997-10-25',
  },
};

需要将其重构为以下格式：把每个子对象中的errors字段归集到顶层，同时移除子对象内的errors字段：

{
    student: {
        firstName: 'Seif',
        lastName: 'Ali',
        countryOfCitizenship: 'EG',
        nationalId: '21106250100531',
        gender: 'MALE',
        dateOfBirth: '2011-06-25',
    },
    firstGuardian: {
        firstName: 'Ali',
        lastName: 'Ahmed',
        phoneNumber: '0101660666',
        email: 'jojo@gmail.com',
        countryOfCitizenship: 'EG',
        nationalId: '28108090100531',
        gender: 'MALE',
        dateOfBirth: '1981-08-09',
    },
    secondGuardian: {
        firstName: 'Aya',
        lastName: 'Adel',
        phoneNumber: '01016605555',
        email: 'aya@gmail.com',
        countryOfCitizenship: 'EG',
        nationalId: '29710250103561',
        gender: 'FEMALE',
        dateOfBirth: '1997-10-25'
    },
    errors :  ['invalid nationalId ' ,'invalid phone Number ']
}

实现方法（以JavaScript为例） #

可以通过遍历对象属性、检查errors字段存在性，完成归集和移除操作：

function restructureData(originalData) {
  // 复制原始数据并初始化顶层errors数组
  const restructured = { ...originalData, errors: [] };
  
  // 遍历所有顶层子对象
  Object.keys(restructured).forEach(key => {
    const item = restructured[key];
    // 检查当前子对象是否存在errors字段，且该字段是数组
    if (item && Array.isArray(item.errors)) {
      // 将子对象的errors合并到顶层errors数组
      restructured.errors.push(...item.errors);
      // 删除子对象中的errors字段
      delete item.errors;
    }
  });
  
  return restructured;
}

// 测试用原始数据
const originalData = {
  student: {
    firstName: 'Seif',
    lastName: 'Ali',
    countryOfCitizenship: 'EG',
    nationalId: '21106250100531',
    gender: 'MALE',
    dateOfBirth: '2011-06-25',
    errors: ['invalid nationalId '],
  },
  firstGuardian: {
    firstName: 'Ali',
    lastName: 'Ahmed',
    phoneNumber: '0101660666',
    email: 'jojo@gmail.com',
    countryOfCitizenship: 'EG',
    nationalId: '28108090100531',
    gender: 'MALE',
    dateOfBirth: '1981-08-09',
    errors: ['invalid phone Number '],
  },
  secondGuardian: {
    firstName: 'Aya',
    lastName: 'Adel',
    phoneNumber: '01016605555',
    email: 'aya@gmail.com',
    countryOfCitizenship: 'EG',
    nationalId: '29710250103561',
    gender: 'FEMALE',
    dateOfBirth: '1997-10-25',
  },
};

// 执行重构并输出结果
const result = restructureData(originalData);
console.log(result);

逻辑说明 #

• 首先复制原始数据，避免修改原对象，同时初始化顶层的errors空数组。
• 遍历顶层的每个属性，判断对应的子对象是否包含errors数组。
• 如果存在errors数组，就将其中的元素展开添加到顶层errors中，然后删除子对象的errors字段。
• 最后返回重构后的对象。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者ahmed basher