如何用Python合并JSON数据，满足规则并生成嵌套字典？

1. 数据类型修正函数 #

首先处理数据类型不一致的问题：employee中的ID是列表格式，而department里的员工/经理ID都是整数，需要统一类型。我们可以写一个简单的函数来修正这类数据：

def fix_data_types(emp_data):
    # 将ID从列表转为整数
    if isinstance(emp_data["ID"], list) and len(emp_data["ID"]) > 0:
        emp_data["ID"] = emp_data["ID"][0]
    return emp_data

2. 合并数据到指定经理下 #

接下来找到ID为3的经理，把修正后的员工数据添加到他的employees列表中：

# 原始数据
department = [
 {"ID": 1, "Name": "John", "Role": "Manager", "employees" :[
 {"ID": 4, "Name": "Mike", "Role": "Engineer"}]},
 {"ID": 3, "Name": "Sam", "Role": "Manager", "employees" :[]
 }]
employee = { "ID": [2],"Name": "Jack", "Role": "Analyst"}

# 修正员工数据类型（用copy避免修改原数据）
fixed_employee = fix_data_types(employee.copy())

# 查找ID为3的经理并添加员工
for manager in department:
    if manager["ID"] == 3:
        manager["employees"].append(fixed_employee)
        break

3. 预期输出 #

执行上述代码后，department将变为符合要求的嵌套字典结构：

[
    {
        "ID": 1,
        "Name": "John",
        "Role": "Manager",
        "employees": [
            {"ID": 4, "Name": "Mike", "Role": "Engineer"}
        ]
    },
    {
        "ID": 3,
        "Name": "Sam",
        "Role": "Manager",
        "employees": [
            {"ID": 2, "Name": "Jack", "Role": "Analyst"}
        ]
    }
]

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Sebastian Hanania