Zybooks 18.7骰子游戏项目：play_multiple_rounds函数无限循环问题求助

问题背景 #

完成Zybooks 18.7骰子游戏项目的步骤1-7，卡在步骤8。play_multiple_rounds函数存在问题，导致程序触发**"Program generated too much output. Output restricted to 50000 characters. Check program for any unterminated loops generating output."**错误，以下是原代码及错误输出：

原代码 #

import random


def first_roll():
    d1 = random.randint(1, 6)
    d2 = random.randint(1, 6)
    sum_of_die = d1 + d2
    if sum_of_die == 7 or sum_of_die == 11:
        print("Rolled dice: ({},{}).".format(d1, d2), sum_of_die, "wins")
        point = 1
    elif sum_of_die == 2 or sum_of_die == 3 or sum_of_die == 12:
        print("Rolled dice: ({},{}).".format(d1, d2), sum_of_die, "loses")
        point = -1
    else:
        point = sum_of_die
        print("Point = ", point)
    return point


def next_rolls(point):
    end = 1
    result = 0

    while end == 1:
        d1 = random.randint(1, 6)
        d2 = random.randint(1, 6)
        sum_of_die = d1 + d2
        if sum_of_die == 7:
            print("Rolled dice: ({},{}).".format(d1, d2), sum_of_die, "loses")
            result = -1
            end = 0
        elif sum_of_die == point:
            print("Rolled dice: ({},{}).".format(d1, d2), sum_of_die, "wins")
            result = 1
            end = 0
        else:
            print("Rolled dice: ({},{}).".format(d1, d2), ".", "Roll again.")
            continue
    return result

def play_one_round(credits):
    outcome = first_roll()
    if outcome <= 1:
        credits = credits + outcome
    else:
        outcome2 = next_rolls(outcome)
        print(outcome2)
        credits = credits + outcome2
    return credits


def play_multiple_rounds(rounds, credits):
    for x in range(0,rounds):
        while play_one_round(credits) >= 1:
            print("Round", rounds,":", "Credits", credits)
    return credits


if __name__ == '__main__':
    first_roll()

错误输出 #

Point = 4
Rolled dice: (1,5). . Roll again.
Rolled dice: (3,4). 7 loses

Round 50 : Credits 20
Point = 9
Rolled dice: (3,2). . Roll again.
Rolled dice: (6,2). . Roll again.
Rolled dice: (3,4). 7 loses

Round 50 : Credits 20
Rolled dice: (1,2). 3 loses
Round 50 : Credits 20
Point = 9
Rolled dice: (1,1). . Roll again.
Rolled dice: (1,6). 7 loses

Round 50 : Credits 20
Point = 8
Rolled dice: (1,5). . Roll again.
Rolled dice: (6,6). . Roll again.
Rolled dice: (4,3). 7 loses

Round 50 : Credits 20
Rolled dice: (1,2). 3 loses
Round 50 : Credits 20
Point = 6
Rolled dice: (3,6). . Roll again.
Rolled dice: (2,5). 7 loses
-1...

错误原因分析 #

1. 无限循环触发：play_multiple_rounds函数中，for循环内部嵌套了while循环，且调用play_one_round(credits)时没有更新credits变量的实际值，导致while的条件play_one_round(credits) >=1会反复调用新的轮次，永远无法退出循环。
2. 轮次显示错误：打印轮次时使用了总轮数rounds，而非当前循环的轮次x+1（因为range(0, rounds)从0开始计数）。
3. credits未正确更新：每次调用play_one_round后，没有将返回的新credits值赋值给原变量，导致credits始终保持初始值。

修复后的代码 #

import random


def first_roll():
    d1 = random.randint(1, 6)
    d2 = random.randint(1, 6)
    sum_of_die = d1 + d2
    if sum_of_die == 7 or sum_of_die == 11:
        print("Rolled dice: ({},{}).".format(d1, d2), sum_of_die, "wins")
        point = 1
    elif sum_of_die == 2 or sum_of_die == 3 or sum_of_die == 12:
        print("Rolled dice: ({},{}).".format(d1, d2), sum_of_die, "loses")
        point = -1
    else:
        point = sum_of_die
        print("Point = ", point)
    return point


def next_rolls(point):
    end = 1
    result = 0

    while end == 1:
        d1 = random.randint(1, 6)
        d2 = random.randint(1, 6)
        sum_of_die = d1 + d2
        if sum_of_die == 7:
            print("Rolled dice: ({},{}).".format(d1, d2), sum_of_die, "loses")
            result = -1
            end = 0
        elif sum_of_die == point:
            print("Rolled dice: ({},{}).".format(d1, d2), sum_of_die, "wins")
            result = 1
            end = 0
        else:
            print("Rolled dice: ({},{}).".format(d1, d2), ".", "Roll again.")
            continue
    return result

def play_one_round(credits):
    outcome = first_roll()
    if outcome <= 1:
        credits = credits + outcome
    else:
        outcome2 = next_rolls(outcome)
        print(outcome2)
        credits = credits + outcome2
    return credits


def play_multiple_rounds(rounds, credits):
    for x in range(rounds):
        # 调用play_one_round并更新credits的值
        credits = play_one_round(credits)
        # 打印当前轮次和最新credits，轮次从1开始计数
        print(f"Round {x+1}: Credits {credits}")
    return credits


if __name__ == '__main__':
    # 示例：玩5轮，初始credits为20
    final_credits = play_multiple_rounds(5, 20)
    print(f"Final credits: {final_credits}")

修复说明 #

1. 移除无限循环：去掉for循环内部的while，改为每轮调用一次play_one_round，保证循环次数严格等于指定的rounds。
2. 更新credits变量：将play_one_round的返回值赋值给credits，确保每轮结束后credits会正确更新。
3. 修正轮次显示：使用x+1作为当前轮次，符合用户对轮次从1开始的预期。
4. 完善主函数：修改main函数为调用play_multiple_rounds并传入测试参数，方便验证功能。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Caleb Jordan