Python使用Zeep调用WebService遇[SSL: WRONG_VERSION_NUMBER]错误求助

近期接手一个通过WebService推送数据的项目，安装了Python的Zeep库并编写测试代码验证连通性，但出现SSL版本错误。已将urllib3版本从最新降级至1.23，问题仍未解决，求解决建议。

测试代码：

from zeep import Client
wsdl = "https://10.110.168.102:20085/PY900/InvoiceProcessor?WSDL"
client = Client(wsdl)
print(client)

错误信息：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 597, in urlopen
  File "urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 343, in _make_request
  File "urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 849, in _validate_conn
  File "urllib3\connection.py", line 349, in connect
  File "urllib3\util\ssl_.py", line 372, in ssl_wrap_socket
  File "ssl.py", line 500, in wrap_socket
  File "ssl.py", line 1040, in _create
  File "ssl.py", line 1309, in do_handshake
ssl.SSLError: [SSL: WRONG_VERSION_NUMBER] wrong version number (_ssl.c:1131)

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "requests\adapters.py", line 489, in send
  File "urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 637, in urlopen
  File "urllib3\util\retry.py", line 398, in increment
urllib3.exceptions.MaxRetryError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='10.110.168.102', port=20085): Max retries exceeded with url: /PY900/InvoiceProcessor?WSDL (Caused by SSLError(SSLError(1, '[SSL: WRONG_VERSION_NUMBER] wrong version number (_ssl.c:1131)')))

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "test.py", line 20, in <module>
  File "zeep\client.py", line 76, in __init__
  File "zeep\wsdl\wsdl.py", line 92, in __init__
  File "zeep\wsdl\wsdl.py", line 95, in load
  File "zeep\wsdl\wsdl.py", line 155, in _get_xml_document
  File "zeep\loader.py", line 89, in load_external
  File "zeep\transports.py", line 123, in load
  File "zeep\transports.py", line 135, in _load_remote_data
  File "requests\sessions.py", line 600, in get
  File "requests\sessions.py", line 587, in request
  File "requests\sessions.py", line 701, in send
  File "requests\adapters.py", line 563, in send
requests.exceptions.SSLError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='10.110.168.102', port=20085): Max retries exceeded with url: /PY900/InvoiceProcessor?WSDL (Caused by SSLError(SSLError(1, '[SSL: WRONG_VERSION_NUMBER] wrong version number (_ssl.c:1131)')))
[1692] Failed to execute script 'test' due to unhandled exception!

C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\test\test>test
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 597, in urlopen
  File "urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 343, in _make_request
  File "urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 849, in _validate_conn
  File "urllib3\connection.py", line 349, in connect
  File "urllib3\util\ssl_.py", line 372, in ssl_wrap_socket
  File "ssl.py", line 500, in wrap_socket
  File "ssl.py", line 1040, in _create
  File "ssl.py", line 1309, in do_handshake
ssl.SSLError: [SSL: WRONG_VERSION_NUMBER] wrong version number (_ssl.c:1131)

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "requests\adapters.py", line 489, in send
  File "urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 637, in urlopen
  File "urllib3\util\retry.py", line 398, in increment
urllib3.exceptions.MaxRetryError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='10.110.168.102', port=20085): Max retries exceeded with url: /PY900/InvoiceProcessor?WSDL (Caused by SSLError(SSLError(1, '[SSL: WRONG_VERSION_NUMBER] wrong version number (_ssl.c:1131)')))

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "test.py", line 20, in <module>
  File "zeep\client.py", line 76, in __init__
  File "zeep\wsdl\wsdl.py", line 92, in __init__
  File "zeep\wsdl\wsdl.py", line 95, in load
  File "zeep\wsdl\wsdl.py", line 155, in _get_xml_document
  File "zeep\loader.py", line 89, in load_external
  File "zeep\transports.py", line 123, in load
  File "zeep\transports.py", line 135, in _load_remote_data
  File "requests\sessions.py", line 600, in get
  File "requests\sessions.py", line 587, in request
  File "requests\sessions.py", line 701, in send
  File "requests\adapters.py", line 563, in send
requests.exceptions.SSLError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='10.110.168.102', port=20085): Max retries exceeded with url: /PY900/InvoiceProcessor?WSDL (Caused by SSLError(SSLError(1, '[SSL: WRONG_VERSION_NUMBER] wrong version number (_ssl.c:1131)')))
[4800] Failed to execute script 'test' due to unhandled exception!

• 检查协议是否正确：wrong version number最常见的原因是用HTTPS访问了仅支持HTTP的服务。先把WSDL地址里的https改成http尝试：

  wsdl = "http://10.110.168.102:20085/PY900/InvoiceProcessor?WSDL"
  

• 指定兼容的SSL版本：如果服务确实使用HTTPS，但SSL版本与本地客户端不兼容，可以自定义Zeep的Transport强制使用特定SSL版本：

  from zeep import Client
  from zeep.transports import Transport
  import requests
  from requests.adapters import HTTPAdapter
  from urllib3.poolmanager import PoolManager
  import ssl
  
  class SSLAdapter(HTTPAdapter):
      def init_poolmanager(self, connections, maxsize, block=False):
          self.poolmanager = PoolManager(
              num_pools=connections,
              maxsize=maxsize,
              block=block,
              ssl_version=ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1_2  # 根据服务实际支持版本调整，比如PROTOCOL_TLSv1_1
          )
  
  session = requests.Session()
  session.mount("https://", SSLAdapter())
  transport = Transport(session=session)
  
  wsdl = "https://10.110.168.102:20085/PY900/InvoiceProcessor?WSDL"
  client = Client(wsdl, transport=transport)
  print(client)
  

• 临时跳过SSL验证（仅测试环境）：如果是内部测试服务，证书不规范导致问题，可以临时关闭SSL验证，生产环境禁止使用：

  from zeep import Client
  from zeep.transports import Transport
  import requests
  
  session = requests.Session()
  session.verify = False
  transport = Transport(session=session)
  
  wsdl = "https://10.110.168.102:20085/PY900/InvoiceProcessor?WSDL"
  client = Client(wsdl, transport=transport)
  print(client)
  

• 检查网络代理：若机器通过代理访问服务，代理可能篡改SSL请求导致版本不匹配，尝试关闭代理或在requests会话中配置正确的代理信息。
• 确认服务端SSL配置：联系服务端维护人员，确认服务支持的SSL版本、证书有效性，以及端口是否确实绑定HTTPS服务。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者user571102