SpringBoot使用@EnableScheduling时遇反射访问权限异常求助

问题描述 #

启用@EnableScheduling后触发java.lang.reflect.InaccessibleObjectException异常，提示无法访问ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor的protected方法decorateTask()，核心原因是Java 17的模块机制限制，java.base模块未向未命名模块开放java.util.concurrent包，导致Spring Cloud Sleuth通过反射访问该方法时失败。

decorateTask()是ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor的protected方法，仅允许子类或同包类访问，但此处是框架层面的反射调用问题，并非业务代码访问权限错误。

环境版本 #

<parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    <version>2.7.2</version>
    <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>

<java.version>17</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>2021.0.3</spring-cloud.version>

完整异常栈 #

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'org.springframework.boot.actuate.autoconfigure.metrics.task.TaskExecutorMetricsAutoConfiguration': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is java.lang.reflect.InaccessibleObjectException: Unable to make protected java.util.concurrent.RunnableScheduledFuture java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.decorateTask(java.lang.Runnable,java.util.concurrent.RunnableScheduledFuture) accessible: module java.base does not "opens java.util.concurrent" to unnamed module @525b461a
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessProperties(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:405)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1431)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:619)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:542)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:335)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:333)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:208)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:955)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:918)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:583)
    at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:147)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:734)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:408)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:308)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1306)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1295)
    at io.armadillo.aftfileuploads.AftFileUploadsApplication.main(AftFileUploadsApplication.java:23)
Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InaccessibleObjectException: Unable to make protected java.util.concurrent.RunnableScheduledFuture java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.decorateTask(java.lang.Runnable,java.util.concurrent.RunnableScheduledFuture) accessible: module java.base does not "opens java.util.concurrent" to unnamed module @525b461a
    at java.base/java.lang.reflect.AccessibleObject.checkCanSetAccessible(AccessibleObject.java:354)
    at java.base/java.lang.reflect.AccessibleObject.checkCanSetAccessible(AccessibleObject.java:297)
    at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.checkCanSetAccessible(Method.java:199)
    at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.setAccessible(Method.java:193)
    at org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(ReflectionUtils.java:577)
    at org.springframework.cloud.sleuth.instrument.async.LazyTraceScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.makeAccessibleIfNotNull(LazyTraceScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.java:121)
    at org.springframework.cloud.sleuth.instrument.async.LazyTraceScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.<init>(LazyTraceScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.java:205)
    at org.springframework.cloud.sleuth.instrument.async.LazyTraceThreadPoolTaskScheduler.getScheduledThreadPoolExecutor(LazyTraceThreadPoolTaskScheduler.java:181)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:77)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:568)
    at org.springframework.cloud.sleuth.instrument.async.ExecutorMethodInterceptor.invoke(ExecutorBeanPostProcessor.java:356)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$CglibMethodInvocation.proceed(CglibAopProxy.java:763)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(CglibAopProxy.java:708)
    at org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskScheduler$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$19449eea.getScheduledThreadPoolExecutor(<generated>)
    at org.springframework.boot.actuate.autoconfigure.metrics.task.TaskExecutorMetricsAutoConfiguration.safeGetThreadPoolExecutor(TaskExecutorMetricsAutoConfiguration.java:83)
    at org.springframework.boot.actuate.autoconfigure.metrics.task.TaskExecutorMetricsAutoConfiguration.lambda$bindTaskExecutorsToRegistry$0(TaskExecutorMetricsAutoConfiguration.java:61)
    at java.base/java.util.LinkedHashMap.forEach(LinkedHashMap.java:721)
    at org.springframework.boot.actuate.autoconfigure.metrics.task.TaskExecutorMetricsAutoConfiguration.bindTaskExecutorsToRegistry(TaskExecutorMetricsAutoConfiguration.java:56)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:77)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:568)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredMethodElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:724)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:119)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessProperties(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:399)
    ... 17 common frames omitted

解决方案 #

1. 添加JVM启动参数 #

通过JVM参数开放模块访问权限，让java.base模块允许未命名模块反射访问java.util.concurrent包：

• IDE启动：在VM Options中添加

  --add-opens java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED
  

• Maven启动：在spring-boot-maven-plugin中配置

  <plugin>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
      <configuration>
          <jvmArguments>--add-opens java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED</jvmArguments>
      </configuration>
  </plugin>
  

2. 升级依赖版本 #

该问题源于Spring Cloud Sleuth 2021.0.3与Java 17的兼容性缺陷，可通过升级依赖解决：

• 升级Spring Cloud到2021.0.x系列的最新版本（如2021.0.5），修复Java 17兼容问题
• 若长期维护，建议迁移到Micrometer Tracing替代Spring Cloud Sleuth（Sleuth已进入维护模式），同时升级到Spring Boot 3.x+版本

3. 禁用相关自动配置 #

如果不需要对应的功能，可直接禁用引发问题的自动配置类：

• 禁用Task Executor Metrics自动配置：
  在启动类添加：

  @SpringBootApplication(exclude = {TaskExecutorMetricsAutoConfiguration.class})
  

  或在application.properties中配置：

  spring.autoconfigure.exclude=org.springframework.boot.actuate.autoconfigure.metrics.task.TaskExecutorMetricsAutoConfiguration
  

• 禁用Sleuth异步 instrumentation：

  spring.sleuth.async.enabled=false
  

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者localhost