Mac升级依赖后RoomProcessor编译版本不兼容问题求助

问题背景 #

Mac环境下升级项目依赖后出现编译错误：androidx/room/RoomProcessor 由更高版本的Java Runtime（类文件版本55.0，对应Java 11）编译，当前Java Runtime仅支持识别最高52.0版本的类文件（对应Java 8）。

完整错误信息：

androidx/room/RoomProcessor has been compiled by a more recent version of the Java Runtime (class file version 55.0), this version of the Java Runtime only recognizes class file versions up to 52.0

当前项目状态：

• Android Studio使用内置Java 11版本
• 已尝试修改编译兼容性为11至18、移除jvmToolchain代码块，但问题未解决
• 项目级与模块级gradle配置如下：

项目级gradle文件 #

// Top-level build file where you can add configuration options common to all sub-projects/modules.
buildscript {
    ext.kotlin_version = '1.8.10'
    ext.hilt_version = '2.45'
    repositories {
        google()
        jcenter()
  //      maven ()
    }
    dependencies {
        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:7.4.2'
        classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:$kotlin_version"
        classpath "com.google.dagger:hilt-android-gradle-plugin:$hilt_version"

        // NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong
        // in the individual module build.gradle files
    }
}

allprojects {
    repositories {
        google()
        jcenter()
    //    maven()
    }
}

task clean(type: Delete) {
    delete rootProject.buildDir
}

模块级gradle文件 #

plugins {
    id 'com.android.application'
    id 'kotlin-android'
    id 'kotlin-parcelize'
    id 'kotlin-kapt'
    id 'com.google.dagger.hilt.android'
//    id 'dagger.hilt.android.plugin'
}

kotlin {
    jvmToolchain {
        languageVersion.set(JavaLanguageVersion.of(8))
    }
}

//apply plugin: 'kotlin-kapt'

android {
    compileSdk 33
    buildToolsVersion '33.0.1'

    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "com.plcoding.multipleroomtables"
        minSdkVersion 21
        targetSdkVersion 33
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"

        testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
    }

    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android-optimize.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }
    compileOptions {
        sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
        targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
    }
    kotlinOptions {
        jvmTarget = '1.8'
    }

    kapt { correctErrorTypes true }
}

dependencies {
    implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:$kotlin_version"
    implementation 'androidx.core:core-ktx:1.9.0'
    implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.6.1'
    implementation 'com.google.android.material:material:1.8.0'
    implementation 'androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:2.1.4'
    testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.+'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:junit:1.1.2'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.3.0'

    implementation "androidx.activity:activity-ktx:1.6.1"
    implementation "androidx.fragment:fragment-ktx:1.5.5"
    implementation 'androidx.navigation:navigation-fragment-ktx:2.5.3'

    // Room
    //implementation "androidx.room:room-runtime:2.2.5"
    //kapt "androidx.room:room-compiler:2.2.5"
    implementation "androidx.room:room-runtime:2.5.0"
    annotationProcessor "androidx.room:room-compiler:2.5.0"
    kapt 'androidx.room:room-compiler:2.5.0'

    // Kotlin Extensions and Coroutines support for Room
    implementation "androidx.room:room-ktx:2.5.0"

    // Coroutines
    implementation 'org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-core:1.6.4'
    implementation 'org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-android:1.6.4'

    // Coroutine Lifecycle Scopes
    implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:2.6.0"
    implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.6.0"

    // Hilt dependencies
    implementation "com.google.dagger:hilt-android:$hilt_version"
    kapt "com.google.dagger:hilt-android-compiler:$hilt_version"
 //   implementation "androidx.hilt:hilt-lifecycle-viewmodel:1.0.0-alpha03"
    kapt "androidx.hilt:hilt-compiler:1.0.0"

    // For instrumentation tests
    androidTestImplementation  'com.google.dagger:hilt-android-testing:2.45'
    kaptAndroidTest 'com.google.dagger:hilt-compiler:2.45'

    // For local unit tests
    testImplementation 'com.google.dagger:hilt-android-testing:2.45'
    kaptTest 'com.google.dagger:hilt-compiler:2.45'
}

解决方案 #

方案一：统一构建工具的Java版本为11（推荐） #

Room 2.5.0及以上版本的编译器要求使用Java 11及以上版本构建，因此需要确保gradle构建过程使用Java 11，而非仅IDE配置为Java 11。

1. 修改模块级gradle的jvmToolchain配置：

   kotlin {
       jvmToolchain {
           languageVersion.set(JavaLanguageVersion.of(11))
       }
   }
   

2. 更新模块级gradle的compileOptions与kotlinOptions：

   compileOptions {
       sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_11
       targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_11
   }
   kotlinOptions {
       jvmTarget = '11'
   }
   

3. 确认Android Studio的Gradle JDK配置：
   • 打开File > Settings > Build, Execution, Deployment > Build Tools > Gradle
   • 将Gradle JDK选择为Android Studio内置的Java 11（路径通常为Applications/Android Studio.app/Contents/jbr/Contents/Home）
4. 清理并重新构建项目：执行终端命令 ./gradlew clean build

方案二：降级Room版本到兼容Java 8的版本 #

如果暂时无法升级构建Java版本，可将Room降级到2.4.3及以下版本（该版本的编译器基于Java 8编译）：

修改模块级gradle中的Room依赖：

// Room
implementation "androidx.room:room-runtime:2.4.3"
kapt "androidx.room:room-compiler:2.4.3"
// Kotlin Extensions and Coroutines support for Room
implementation "androidx.room:room-ktx:2.4.3"

同时移除重复的annotationProcessor "androidx.room:room-compiler:2.5.0"配置（kapt已包含注解处理器功能，重复配置可能引发冲突）

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者user1743524