PowerShell脚本优化：保留最新版本.var及关联文件

需要实现：遍历子文件夹，仅保留每个文件组内版本号最高的.var文件及其关联的.jpg/.txt/.png等格式文件，删除其余旧版本文件。现有脚本删除逻辑错误，无法得到预期结果，相关信息如下：

原始文件示例 #

\dave\dave.look1.1.var
\dave\dave.look1.1.jpg
\dave\dave.look1.1.txt
\dave\dave.look1.2.var
\dave\dave.look1.2.jpg
\dave\dave.look1.3.var
\dave\dave.look1.3.jpg
\dave\dave.look2.1.var
\dave\dave.look3.1.var

\bert\bert.look1.1.var
\bert\bert.look1.2.var
\bert\bert.look1.2.png
\bert\bert.look1.4.var

\fred\fred.look1.1.var
\fred\fred.look1.1.jpg
\fred\fred.look1.2.var
\fred\fred.look1.3.var
\fred\fred.look3.4.var
\fred\fred.look3.4.jpg
\fred\fred.look3.5.var
\fred\fred.look3.5.jpg

当前使用的PowerShell脚本 #

# Set the path to the main directory containing the subdirectories
$mainDirectoryPath = "E:\Install\test\_New"

# Get a list of all subdirectories in the main directory
$subDirectories = Get-ChildItem -Path $mainDirectoryPath -Directory -Recurse
Write-Host "Found $($files.Count) files in $subDirectories"

# Loop through each subdirectory
foreach ($subDirectory in $subDirectories) {
    # Get a list of all files in the subdirectory
    $files = Get-ChildItem -Path $subDirectory.FullName -File

    # Group the files by the name before the version number
    $groupedFiles = $files | Group-Object { $_.Name.Split('.')[0,1] -join '.' }

    # For each group of files, keep only the file with the highest version number
    foreach ($group in $groupedFiles) {
        Write-Host "Processing $($group.Count) files for $($group.Name)"
        $group | Sort-Object { [int]$_.Name.Split('.')[2] } -Descending | Select-Object -Skip 1 | Remove-Item -Force -whatif
    }
}

错误执行结果 #

What if: Performing the operation "Remove File" on target "E:\_test\AcidBubbles\AcidBubbles.Animations_Presets.1.jpg".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove File" on target "E:\_test\AcidBubbles\AcidBubbles.BlendShapes.1.var".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove File" on target "E:\_test\AcidBubbles\AcidBubbles.ChloeTouch.1.jpg".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove File" on target "E:\_test\AcidBubbles\AcidBubbles.BlendShapes.2.var".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove File" on target "E:\_test\AcidBubbles\AcidBubbles.RubberLeash.2.jpg".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove File" on target "E:\_test\AcidBubbles\AcidBubbles.Cornwall.2.var".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove File" on target "E:\_test\AcidBubbles\Acidbubbles.Cornwall.2.jpg".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove File" on target "E:\_test\AcidBubbles\AcidBubbles.FloatingUIComponents.3.jpg".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove File" on target "E:\_test\AcidBubbles\AcidBubbles.RubberLeash.4.var".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove File" on target "E:\_test\AcidBubbles\AcidBubbles.Utilities.5.var".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove File" on target "E:\_test\AcidBubbles\AcidBubbles.Utilities.6.var".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove File" on target "E:\_test\AcidBubbles\AcidBubbles.Glance.11.var".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove File" on target "E:\_test\AcidBubbles\AcidBubbles.ColliderTuner.13.jpg".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove File" on target "E:\_test\AcidBubbles\AcidBubbles.Glance.16.var".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove File" on target "E:\_test\AcidBubbles\AcidBubbles.Glance.19.var".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove File" on target "E:\_test\AcidBubbles\AcidBubbles.Glance.20.var".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove File" on target "E:\_test\AcidBubbles\AcidBubbles.ColliderEditor.36.var".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove File" on target "E:\_test\AcidBubbles\AcidBubbles.ColliderEditor.37.var".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove File" on target "E:\_test\AcidBubbles\AcidBubbles.ColliderEditor.38.var".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove File" on target "E:\_test\AcidBubbles\AcidBubbles.Embody.53.var".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove File" on target "E:\_test\AcidBubbles\AcidBubbles.Embody.57.var".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove File" on target "E:\_test\AcidBubbles\AcidBubbles.Embody.58.var".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove File" on target "E:\_test\AcidBubbles\AcidBubbles.Timeline.200.jpg".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove File" on target "E:\_test\AcidBubbles\AcidBubbles.Timeline.210.var".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove File" on target "E:\_test\AcidBubbles\AcidBubbles.Timeline.242.var".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove File" on target "E:\_test\AcidBubbles\AcidBubbles.Timeline.248.var".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove File" on target "E:\_test\AcidBubbles\AcidBubbles.Timeline.249.var".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove File" on target "E:\_test\AcidBubbles\AcidBubbles.Timeline.250.var".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove File" on target "E:\_test\AcidBubbles\AcidBubbles.Timeline.251.var".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove File" on target "E:\_test\AcidBubbles\AcidBubbles.Timeline.252.var".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove File" on target "E:\_test\AcidBubbles\AcidBubbles.Timeline.268.var".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove File" on target "E:\_test\AcidBubbles\AcidBubbles.Timeline.269.var".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove File" on target "E:\_test\AcidBubbles\AcidBubbles.Timeline.270.var".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove File" on target "E:\_test\AcidBubbles\AcidBubbles.Timeline.271.var".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove File" on target "E:\_test\AcidBubbles\AcidBubbles.Timeline.272.var".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove File" on target "E:\_test\AcidBubbles\AcidBubbles.Timeline.273.var".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove File" on target "E:\_test\AcidBubbles\AcidBubbles.Timeline.274.var".
What if: Performing the operation "Remove File" on target "E:\_test\AcidBubbles\AcidBubbles.Timeline.275.var".

期望留存文件 #

AcidBubbles.Animations_Presets.1.jpg
AcidBubbles.BlendShapes.2.var
AcidBubbles.ChloeTouch.1.jpg
AcidBubbles.ColliderEditor.38.var
AcidBubbles.ColliderTuner.13.jpg
Acidbubbles.Cornwall.2.jpg
AcidBubbles.Cornwall.2.var
AcidBubbles.Embody.58.var
AcidBubbles.FloatingUIComponents.3.jpg
AcidBubbles.Glance.20.var
AcidBubbles.RubberLeash.2.jpg
AcidBubbles.RubberLeash.4.var
AcidBubbles.Timeline.200.jpg
AcidBubbles.Timeline.280.var
AcidBubbles.Utilities.6.var

问题分析与修正脚本 #

原脚本问题 #

1. 分组逻辑僵化：固定取文件名前两段作为分组依据，无法兼容带下划线的组名（如Animations_Presets）
2. 文件处理逻辑错误：将同一版本下的不同后缀文件单独排序后删除，导致本该保留的关联文件被误删
3. 版本号提取逻辑不通用：固定取第三段作为版本号，未考虑文件名结构的一致性（版本号始终是倒数第二段）

修正后的脚本 #

# 设置包含子文件夹的主目录路径
$mainDirectoryPath = "E:\Install\test\_New"

# 获取主目录下的所有子文件夹
$subDirectories = Get-ChildItem -Path $mainDirectoryPath -Directory -Recurse

foreach ($subDirectory in $subDirectories) {
    # 获取当前子文件夹下的所有文件
    $files = Get-ChildItem -Path $subDirectory.FullName -File
    Write-Host "正在处理文件夹: $($subDirectory.FullName)，共 $($files.Count) 个文件"

    # 按文件组前缀分组（例如dave.look1、AcidBubbles.Animations_Presets）
    $groupedByPrefix = $files | Group-Object {
        $parts = $_.Name.Split('.')
        # 提取前缀：去掉最后两段（版本号+后缀）
        $parts[0..($parts.Length - 3)] -join '.'
    }

    foreach ($prefixGroup in $groupedByPrefix) {
        Write-Host "处理文件组: $($prefixGroup.Name)"
        # 按版本号分组，将同版本的所有文件归为一组
        $versionGroups = $prefixGroup.Group | Group-Object {
            $parts = $_.Name.Split('.')
            [int]$parts[$parts.Length - 2] # 版本号为倒数第二段
        } -AsHashTable -AsString

        # 找到当前组的最高版本号
        $highestVersion = ($versionGroups.Keys | [int[]] | Measure-Object -Maximum).Maximum

        # 删除所有非最高版本的文件
        foreach ($version in $versionGroups.Keys) {
            if ([int]$version -ne $highestVersion) {
                Write-Host "删除版本 $version 的文件:"
                $versionGroups[$version] | Remove-Item -Force -WhatIf
            }
        }
    }
}

修正说明 #

• 灵活分组：通过动态截取文件名前缀（去掉最后两段），兼容任意格式的组名
• 版本组管理：将同一版本下的所有关联文件归为一组，确保最高版本的所有文件都被保留
• 精准版本判断：通过Measure-Object直接获取最高版本号，避免排序后误删同版本文件
• 可验证执行：保留-WhatIf参数，可先预览删除操作，确认无误后再移除该参数执行实际删除

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Puck