如何在Android Studio地图Fragment中进入页面时优先获取当前位置？

要实现进入页面时自动获取并定位到当前位置，需要添加位置权限处理和Fused Location Provider的集成，以下是修改后的完整实现：

核心修改说明 #

• 新增位置权限申请与校验逻辑
• 集成FusedLocationProviderClient获取设备当前位置
• 地图加载完成后优先触发位置获取，定位成功后自动将相机移动到当前位置并添加标记

修改后的MapsFragment.java代码 #

import android.Manifest;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.location.Location;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat;
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
import com.google.android.gms.location.FusedLocationProviderClient;
import com.google.android.gms.location.LocationServices;
import com.google.android.gms.maps.CameraUpdateFactory;
import com.google.android.gms.maps.GoogleMap;
import com.google.android.gms.maps.OnMapReadyCallback;
import com.google.android.gms.maps.SupportMapFragment;
import com.google.android.gms.maps.model.LatLng;
import com.google.android.gms.maps.model.MarkerOptions;
import com.google.android.gms.tasks.OnSuccessListener;

public class MapsFragment extends Fragment {

    private static final String ARG_PARAM1 = "param1";
    private static final String ARG_PARAM2 = "param2";
    private static final int LOCATION_PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE = 100;

    private String mParam1;
    private String mParam2;
    private GoogleMap mGoogleMap;
    private FusedLocationProviderClient mFusedLocationClient;

    public MapsFragment() {
        // Required empty public constructor
    }

    public static MapsFragment newInstance(String param1, String param2) {
        MapsFragment fragment = new MapsFragment();
        Bundle args = new Bundle();
        args.putString(ARG_PARAM1, param1);
        args.putString(ARG_PARAM2, param2);
        fragment.setArguments(args);
        return fragment;
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        if (getArguments() != null) {
            mParam1 = getArguments().getString(ARG_PARAM1);
            mParam2 = getArguments().getString(ARG_PARAM2);
        }
        // 初始化位置服务客户端
        mFusedLocationClient = LocationServices.getFusedLocationProviderClient(requireActivity());
    }

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                             Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_maps, container, false);

        SupportMapFragment supportMapFragment = (SupportMapFragment)
                getChildFragmentManager().findFragmentById(R.id.google_map);

        supportMapFragment.getMapAsync(new OnMapReadyCallback() {
            @Override
            public void onMapReady(GoogleMap googleMap) {
                mGoogleMap = googleMap;
                // 地图加载完成后优先获取当前位置
                checkLocationPermission();
                
                // 保留原有的地图点击标记逻辑
                googleMap.setOnMapClickListener(latLng -> {
                    MarkerOptions markerOptions = new MarkerOptions();
                    markerOptions.position(latLng);
                    markerOptions.title(latLng.latitude + " : " + latLng.longitude);
                    googleMap.clear();
                    googleMap.animateCamera(CameraUpdateFactory.newLatLngZoom(latLng, 10));
                    googleMap.addMarker(markerOptions);
                });
            }
        });

        return view;
    }

    // 检查并申请位置权限
    private void checkLocationPermission() {
        if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(requireContext(), Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)
                != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            requestPermissions(new String[]{Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION},
                    LOCATION_PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE);
            return;
        }
        // 权限已授予，获取当前位置
        getCurrentLocation();
    }

    // 获取设备最后已知位置
    private void getCurrentLocation() {
        if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(requireContext(), Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)
                != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            return;
        }
        mFusedLocationClient.getLastLocation()
                .addOnSuccessListener(requireActivity(), location -> {
                    if (location != null) {
                        LatLng currentLatLng = new LatLng(location.getLatitude(), location.getLongitude());
                        mGoogleMap.clear();
                        // 添加当前位置标记
                        mGoogleMap.addMarker(new MarkerOptions()
                                .position(currentLatLng)
                                .title("我的位置"));
                        // 相机移动到当前位置，缩放级别15
                        mGoogleMap.animateCamera(CameraUpdateFactory.newLatLngZoom(currentLatLng, 15));
                    }
                });
    }

    // 权限申请结果回调
    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions,
                                           @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        if (requestCode == LOCATION_PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE) {
            if (grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                getCurrentLocation();
            }
        }
    }
}

额外配置要求 #

需要在AndroidManifest.xml中添加位置权限声明：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者FellSachi