同一SPM仓库中多Target的独立构建与测试问题咨询

问题概述 #

当Swift Package包含多个Target时，Xcode自动生成的单个Target对应的scheme默认不支持test操作，执行xcodebuild build test会报错：Scheme [TargetName] is not currently configured for the test action，只能通过Package scheme一次性测试所有Target，无法单独测试单个Target。

解决方案 #

方案1：手动创建支持测试的Target Scheme #

这是目前可行的方案，步骤如下：

• 在Package根目录下创建路径：.swiftpm/workspace/xcshareddata/xcschemes/
• 为每个需要单独测试的Target创建对应的.xcscheme文件，以MultiPackage1为例，scheme文件需关联对应的测试目标（示例XML配置如下）：

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  <Scheme
     LastUpgradeVersion = "1400"
     version = "1.3">
     <BuildAction
        parallelizeBuildables = "YES"
        buildImplicitDependencies = "YES">
        <BuildActionEntries>
           <BuildActionEntry
              buildForTesting = "YES"
              buildForRunning = "YES"
              buildForProfiling = "YES"
              buildForArchiving = "YES"
              buildForAnalyzing = "YES">
              <BuildableReference
                 BuildableIdentifier = "primary"
                 BlueprintIdentifier = "MultiPackage1"
                 BuildableName = "MultiPackage1"
                 BlueprintName = "MultiPackage1"
                 ReferencedContainer = "container:MultiPackage.swiftpm">
              </BuildableReference>
           </BuildActionEntry>
           <BuildActionEntry
              buildForTesting = "YES"
              buildForRunning = "NO"
              buildForProfiling = "NO"
              buildForArchiving = "NO"
              buildForAnalyzing = "NO">
              <BuildableReference
                 BuildableIdentifier = "primary"
                 BlueprintIdentifier = "MultiPackage1Tests"
                 BuildableName = "MultiPackage1Tests.xctest"
                 BlueprintName = "MultiPackage1Tests"
                 ReferencedContainer = "container:MultiPackage.swiftpm">
              </BuildableReference>
           </BuildActionEntry>
        </BuildActionEntries>
     </BuildAction>
     <TestAction
        buildConfiguration = "Debug"
        selectedDebuggerIdentifier = "Xcode.DebuggerFoundation.Debugger.LLDB"
        selectedLauncherIdentifier = "Xcode.DebuggerFoundation.Launcher.LLDB"
        shouldUseLaunchSchemeArgsEnv = "YES">
        <Testables>
           <TestableReference
              skipped = "NO">
              <BuildableReference
                 BuildableIdentifier = "primary"
                 BlueprintIdentifier = "MultiPackage1Tests"
                 BuildableName = "MultiPackage1Tests.xctest"
                 BlueprintName = "MultiPackage1Tests"
                 ReferencedContainer = "container:MultiPackage.swiftpm">
              </BuildableReference>
           </TestableReference>
        </Testables>
     </TestAction>
     <LaunchAction
        buildConfiguration = "Debug"
        selectedDebuggerIdentifier = "Xcode.DebuggerFoundation.Debugger.LLDB"
        selectedLauncherIdentifier = "Xcode.DebuggerFoundation.Launcher.LLDB"
        launchStyle = "0"
        useCustomWorkingDirectory = "NO"
        ignoresPersistentStateOnLaunch = "NO"
        debugDocumentVersioning = "YES"
        debugServiceExtension = "internal"
        allowLocationSimulation = "YES">
        <BuildableProductRunnable
           runnableDebuggingMode = "0">
           <BuildableReference
              BuildableIdentifier = "primary"
              BlueprintIdentifier = "MultiPackage1"
              BuildableName = "MultiPackage1"
              BlueprintName = "MultiPackage1"
              ReferencedContainer = "container:MultiPackage.swiftpm">
           </BuildableReference>
        </BuildableProductRunnable>
     </LaunchAction>
     <ProfileAction
        buildConfiguration = "Release"
        shouldUseLaunchSchemeArgsEnv = "YES"
        savedToolIdentifier = ""
        useCustomWorkingDirectory = "NO"
        debugDocumentVersioning = "YES">
        <BuildableProductRunnable
           runnableDebuggingMode = "0">
           <BuildableReference
              BuildableIdentifier = "primary"
              BlueprintIdentifier = "MultiPackage1"
              BuildableName = "MultiPackage1"
              BlueprintName = "MultiPackage1"
              ReferencedContainer = "container:MultiPackage.swiftpm">
           </BuildableReference>
        </BuildableProductRunnable>
     </ProfileAction>
     <AnalyzeAction
        buildConfiguration = "Debug">
     </AnalyzeAction>
     <ArchiveAction
        buildConfiguration = "Release"
        revealArchiveInOrganizer = "YES">
     </ArchiveAction>
  </Scheme>
  

• 将文件命名为MultiPackage1.xcscheme，放入上述创建的目录中
• 之后即可通过命令单独测试该Target：

  xcodebuild -scheme MultiPackage1 -destination 'platform=iOS Simulator,id=4BE845BA-AE9E-4F53-B2FB-A5415C89950B' build test
  

方案2：通过SPM命令直接指定测试目标 #

无需修改scheme，直接使用swift test命令并指定测试目标，更适合CI自动化场景：

swift test --target MultiPackage1Tests

如果需要指定iOS模拟器环境，添加--destination参数即可：

swift test --target MultiPackage1Tests --destination 'platform=iOS Simulator,id=4BE845BA-AE9E-4F53-B2FB-A5415C89950B'

该命令会自动构建对应的主Target和测试Target，并执行测试。

说明 #

Xcode自动生成的单个Target scheme默认未关联对应的测试Target，因此无法直接执行test操作。手动创建scheme或使用swift test --target命令均可解决该问题，其中后者无需额外配置，更适合自动化流程。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者CloudBalancing