Fedora系统安装R的rgdal包报错：GDALAllRegister not found in libgdal

在Fedora平台尝试安装R的rgdal包时，出现错误提示configure: error: GDALAllRegister not found in libgdal，此前Ubuntu平台的同类解决方案无效，现附上详细报错日志并寻求帮助：

> install.packages("rgdal")
Installiere Paket nach ‘/home/user/R/x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu-library/4.2’
(da ‘lib’ nicht spezifiziert)
versuche URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/rgdal_1.6-5.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 4465310 bytes (4.3 MB)
==================================================
downloaded 4.3 MB

* installing *source* package ‘rgdal’ ...
** Paket ‘rgdal’ erfolgreich entpackt und MD5 Summen überprüft
** using staged installation
configure: R_HOME: /usr/lib64/R
configure: CC: gcc
configure: CXX: g++ -std=gnu++14
configure: CFLAGS: -O2 -fexceptions -g -grecord-gcc-switches -pipe -Wall -Werror=format-security -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -Wp,-D_GLIBCXX_ASSERTIONS -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-hardened-cc1 -fstack-protector-strong -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-annobin-cc1 -m64 -mtune=generic -fasynchronous-unwind-tables -fstack-clash-protection -fcf-protection
configure: CPPFLAGS: -I/usr/local/include
configure: CXXFLAGS: -O2 -fexceptions -g -grecord-gcc-switches -pipe -Wall -Werror=format-security -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -Wp,-D_GLIBCXX_ASSERTIONS -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-hardened-cc1 -fstack-protector-strong -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-annobin-cc1 -m64 -mtune=generic -fasynchronous-unwind-tables -fstack-clash-protection -fcf-protection
configure: LDFLAGS: -Wl,-z,relro -Wl,--as-needed -Wl,-z,now -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-hardened-ld -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-annobin-cc1 -Wl,--build-id=sha1
configure: LDFLAGS: -Wl,-z,relro -Wl,--as-needed -Wl,-z,now -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-hardened-ld -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-annobin-cc1 -Wl,--build-id=sha1
configure: CXX17 is: g++, CXX17STD is: -std=gnu++17
configure: CXX is: g++ -std=gnu++17
configure: C++17 support available
configure: rgdal: 1.6-5
checking for /usr/bin/svnversion... no
configure: svn revision: 1199
checking for gdal-config... /usr/bin/gdal-config
checking gdal-config usability... yes
configure: GDAL: 3.5.2
checking GDAL version != 3.6.0... yes
checking GDAL version >= 1.11.4... yes
checking GDAL version <= 2.5 or >= 3.0... yes
checking GDAL: linking with --libs only... no
checking GDAL: linking with --libs and --dep-libs... no
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib64/libgdal.so: undefined reference to `PQcmdStatus@RHPG_9.6'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib64/libgdal.so: undefined reference to `PQfname@RHPG_9.6'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib64/libgdal.so: undefined reference to `PQsetNoticeProcessor@RHPG_9.6'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib64/libgdal.so: undefined reference to `PQftable@RHPG_9.6'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib64/libgdal.so: undefined reference to `PQcancel@RHPG_9.6'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib64/libgdal.so: undefined reference to `PQstatus@RHPG_9.6'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib64/libgdal.so: undefined reference to `PQftablecol@RHPG_9.6'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib64/libgdal.so: undefined reference to `PQconnectdb@RHPG_9.6'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib64/libgdal.so: undefined reference to `PQescapeStringConn@RHPG_9.6'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib64/libgdal.so: undefined reference to `lo_close@RHPG_9.6'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib64/libgdal.so: undefined reference to `PQputCopyEnd@RHPG_9.6'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib64/libgdal.so: undefined reference to `PQgetvalue@RHPG_9.6'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib64/libgdal.so: undefined reference to `PQgetisnull@RHPG_9.6'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib64/libgdal.so: undefined reference to `PQftype@RHPG_9.6'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib64/libgdal.so: undefined reference to `PQfmod@RHPG_9.6'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib64/libgdal.so: undefined reference to `lo_creat@RHPG_9.6'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib64/libgdal.so: undefined reference to `PQresultStatus@RHPG_9.6'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib64/libgdal.so: undefined reference to `lo_read@RHPG_9.6'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib64/libgdal.so: undefined reference to `PQexec@RHPG_9.6'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib64/libgdal.so: undefined reference to `PQsetClientEncoding@RHPG_9.6'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib64/libgdal.so: undefined reference to `PQgetlength@RHPG_9.6'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib64/libgdal.so: undefined reference to `PQputCopyData@RHPG_9.6'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib64/libgdal.so: undefined reference to `PQgetResult@RHPG_9.6'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib64/libgdal.so: undefined reference to `lo_write@RHPG_9.6'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib64/libgdal.so: undefined reference to `PQfinish@RHPG_9.6'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib64/libgdal.so: undefined reference to `PQclear@RHPG_9.6'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib64/libgdal.so: undefined reference to `PQerrorMessage@RHPG_9.6'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib64/libgdal.so: undefined reference to `PQnfields@RHPG_9.6'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib64/libgdal.so: undefined reference to `lo_open@RHPG_9.6'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib64/libgdal.so: undefined reference to `PQexecParams@RHPG_9.6'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib64/libgdal.so: undefined reference to `PQgetCancel@RHPG_9.6'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib64/libgdal.so: undefined reference to `PQntuples@RHPG_9.6'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib64/libgdal.so: undefined reference to `PQresultErrorMessage@RHPG_9.6'
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib64/libgdal.so: undefined reference to `PQfreeCancel@RHPG_9.6'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lodbcinst: No such file or directory
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -larmadillo: No such file or directory
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lqhull_r: No such file or directory
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lgeotiff: No such file or directory
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lLerc: No such file or directory
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lpoppler: No such file or directory
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lgif: No such file or directory
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lnetcdf: No such file or directory
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lcfitsio: No such file or directory
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lhdf5: No such file or directory
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lgta: No such file or directory
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lwebp: No such file or directory
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -ldf: No such file or directory
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lmfhdf: No such file or directory
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lopenjp2: No such file or directory
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lOpenEXR: No such file or directory
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lOpenEXRUtil: No such file or directory
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lImath: No such file or directory
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lIex: No such file or directory
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lkmlbase: No such file or directory
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lkmldom: No such file or directory
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lkmlengine: No such file or directory
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lspatialite: No such file or directory
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lsqlite3: No such file or directory
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lxerces-c: No such file or directory
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lmysqlclient: No such file or directory
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lodbc: No such file or directory
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lfreexl: No such file or directory
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -logdi: No such file or directory
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lexpat: No such file or directory
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lgeos_c: No such file or directory
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lproj: No such file or directory
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -ljson-c: No such file or directory
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
configure: Install failure: compilation and/or linkage problems.
configure: error: GDALAllRegister not found in libgdal.
ERROR: configuration failed for package ‘rgdal’
* removing ‘/home/user/R/x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu-library/4.2/rgdal’
Warning in install.packages :
  Installation des Pakets ‘rgdal’ hatte Exit-Status ungleich 0

针对Fedora的解决方案 #

1. 安装完整的GDAL及依赖开发包 #

从报错日志看，大量依赖库缺失，PostgreSQL相关链接也有问题，执行以下命令安装所有必要的开发包：

sudo dnf install gdal-devel proj-devel geos-devel sqlite-devel libpq-devel libxml2-devel netcdf-devel hdf5-devel libwebp-devel openjpeg2-devel poppler-devel geotiff-devel

2. 验证GDAL配置 #

确认GDAL工具正常可用：

gdal-config --version
gdal-config --libs

输出应包含GDAL版本（如3.5.2）和正确的库链接路径。

3. 指定编译参数安装rgdal #

在R中执行以下命令，明确指定GDAL和PROJ的路径：

install.packages("rgdal", configure.args = c(
  "--with-gdal-config=/usr/bin/gdal-config",
  "--with-proj-include=/usr/include/proj",
  "--with-proj-lib=/usr/lib64"
))

4. 备选：安装预编译的rgdal包 #

如果编译仍然失败，直接使用Fedora官方仓库的预编译包，避免编译环节：

sudo dnf install R-rgdal

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者TobKel