Chrome扩展与PowerShell原生消息通信报错排查求助

我正在开发一款简单的Chrome扩展，流程是：从输入框获取Active Directory用户名，发送给作为原生应用的PowerShell脚本；脚本借助Active Directory模块查询用户信息，返回JSON格式的电话与邮箱。目前触发错误：Unchecked runtime.lastError: Error when communicating with the native messaging host.

已确认注册表中已添加原生应用路径，且nativeApp.json的allowed_origins字段与扩展ID完全匹配。

以下是全部代码（含关键错误修正标注）：

manifest.json #

{
  "name": "AD Extension",
  "description": "Get phone and email from AD",
  "version": "1.0",
  "manifest_version": 3,
  "icons": {},
  "permissions": [
    "nativeMessaging",
    "activeTab"
  ],
  "host_permissions": [
    "https://*/*",
    "http://*/*"
  ],
  "action": {
    "default_popup": "popup.html"
  },
  "background": {
    "service_worker": "background.js"
  }
}

popup.html #

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>AD Extension</title>
    <!-- 修正：popup应引入自身逻辑脚本，而非background.js -->
    <script defer src="popup.js"></script>
  </head>
  <body>
    <label for="username">输入AD用户名:</label>
    <input type="text" id="username" name="username"><br>
    <button id="get-info">获取电话与邮箱</button>
    <div id="info"></div>
  </body>
</html>

popup.js #

document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function () {
  const button = document.getElementById("get-info");
  button.addEventListener("click", function () {
    const username = document.getElementById("username").value;
    // 修正：消息参数需用大括号包裹为对象
    chrome.runtime.sendMessage(
      {command: "get_user_info", username: username },
      function (response) {
        const outputObj = JSON.parse(response);
        const phone = outputObj.phone;
        const email = outputObj.email;
        const infoDiv = document.getElementById("info");
        infoDiv.innerHTML = "电话: " + phone + "<br>邮箱: " + email;
      }
    );
  });
});

background.js #

// 修正：移除冗余的connectNative，改为监听popup消息后调用sendNativeMessage
chrome.runtime.onMessage.addListener(function(request, sender, sendResponse) {
  if (request.command === "get_user_info") {
    chrome.runtime.sendNativeMessage(
      "com.smm.adextension",
      {command: "get_user_info", username: request.username },
      function(response) {
        sendResponse(response);
      }
    );
  }
  return true;
});

nativeapp.json #

{
    "name": "com.smm.adextension",
    "description": "AD扩展原生消息应用",
    "path": "./nativeApp.ps1",
    "type": "stdio",
    "allowed_origins": [
      "chrome-extension://dhfgiijbgbcpjinfhhhlniaegdjpldbm/"
    ]
  }

nativeapp.ps1 #

# 修正：PowerShell注释用#而非//
# 导入ActiveDirectory模块
Import-Module ActiveDirectory

# 修正：遵循Chrome原生消息规范，先读取4字节长度前缀
$lengthBytes = New-Object byte[] 4
[Console]::In.BaseStream.Read($lengthBytes, 0, 4) | Out-Null
$length = [System.BitConverter]::ToInt32($lengthBytes, 0)

# 读取JSON内容
$buffer = New-Object byte[] $length
[Console]::In.BaseStream.Read($buffer, 0, $length) | Out-Null
$inputJson = [System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetString($buffer)
$request = ConvertFrom-Json $inputJson

# 查询AD用户信息
$user = Get-ADUser -Identity $request.username -Properties telephoneNumber, emailAddress

# 构造输出对象
$output = @{ 
  phone = $user.telephoneNumber
  email = $user.emailAddress
}

# 转换为JSON并添加长度前缀输出
$outputJson = ConvertTo-Json $output
$outputBytes = [System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetBytes($outputJson)
$outputLengthBytes = [System.BitConverter]::GetBytes($outputBytes.Length)
[Console]::Out.BaseStream.Write($outputLengthBytes, 0, 4)
[Console]::Out.BaseStream.Write($outputBytes, 0, $outputBytes.Length)

核心错误总结 #

1. JavaScript语法错误：sendNativeMessage的消息参数未用大括号包裹为合法对象，导致消息无法解析。
2. Popup脚本引用错误：误将background.js引入popup页面，需改为引入自身逻辑脚本popup.js。
3. Background逻辑冗余：同时使用connectNative和sendNativeMessage，造成通信冲突，改为监听popup消息后统一调用sendNativeMessage。
4. PowerShell脚本不符合规范：
   • 使用错误的注释语法
   • 未处理Chrome原生消息要求的4字节长度前缀（输入输出均需遵循该规范）
   • 错误通过$args[0]获取参数，Chrome原生消息是通过标准输入发送JSON，需解析输入内容获取用户名。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Dreamweaver