如何在GitHub Actions工作流中获取多个部署URL？

我需要在每个Pull Request上运行Playwright测试的GitHub Actions工作流中，获取该PR关联的两个部署URL。当前工作流尝试访问github.event.deployments数组但返回null，使用github.event.deployment_status.target_url只能拿到最新的单个部署URL，且不想使用GitHub API。

原工作流代码：

name: Playwright Tests
on:
  deployment_status:
  workflow_dispatch:
    inputs:
      environment:
        description: 'Environment to run tests against'
        type: environment
        required: true
jobs:
  test:
    timeout-minutes: 60
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    if: github.event.deployment_status.state == 'success'
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
      - uses: actions/setup-node@v3
        with:
          node-version: '18.x'
      - name: Install dependencies
        run: yarn install
      - name: Go to Dashboard directory
        run: cd apps/dashboard
      - name: Install Playwright
        run: npx playwright install --with-deps
      - name: Get deployment URLs
        run: |
            deployment_urls=()
            for deployment in "${{ toJson(github.event.deployments) }}"; do
             target_url=$(echo $deployment | jq -r '.target_url')
             deployment_urls+=($target_url)
            done
            echo "Deployment URLs: ${deployment_urls[@]}"
        id: get_urls
      - name: Run Playwright tests
        run: npx playwright test
        env:
          DEPLOYMENT_URL1: ${{ steps.get_urls.outputs.deployment_urls[0] }}
          DEPLOYMENT_URL2: ${{ steps.get_urls.outputs.deployment_urls[1] }}
      - name: Upload Playwright reports
        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
        with:
          name: playwright-report
          path: playwright-report

更新： 已将github.deployments替换为github.deployment，但仍只能获取到最新的单个部署信息。

deployment_status事件的GitHub上下文不存在github.event.deployments数组，该事件仅携带当前触发它的单个部署的信息（对应github.event.deployment对象），因此原代码中遍历github.event.deployments会返回null。

利用GitHub Actions的缓存功能，在两次部署触发工作流时分别收集URL，待两个URL都收集完成后再运行Playwright测试。具体实现如下：

name: Playwright Tests
on:
  deployment_status:
  workflow_dispatch:
    inputs:
      environment:
        description: '环境名称'
        type: environment
        required: true

jobs:
  collect-deployment-urls:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    if: github.event.deployment_status.state == 'success'
    outputs:
      deployment_urls: ${{ steps.merge-urls.outputs.deployment_urls }}
    steps:
      - name: 提取当前部署URL和PR编号
        id: extract-info
        run: |
          PR_NUMBER=${{ github.event.deployment.pull_requests[0].number }}
          CURRENT_URL=${{ github.event.deployment_status.target_url }}
          echo "pr_number=$PR_NUMBER" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
          echo "current_url=$CURRENT_URL" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT

      - name: 读取缓存中的已有URL
        id: read-cache
        uses: actions/cache@v3
        with:
          path: deployment-urls.txt
          key: deployment-urls-pr-${{ steps.extract-info.outputs.pr_number }}
          restore-keys: deployment-urls-pr-${{ steps.extract-info.outputs.pr_number }}

      - name: 合并并去重部署URL
        id: merge-urls
        run: |
          # 初始化URL列表
          urls=()
          # 读取缓存中的已有URL
          if [ -f deployment-urls.txt ]; then
            while read -r url; do
              urls+=("$url")
            done < deployment-urls.txt
          fi
          # 添加当前URL（避免重复）
          CURRENT_URL=${{ steps.extract-info.outputs.current_url }}
          if [[ ! " ${urls[@]} " =~ " ${CURRENT_URL} " ]]; then
            urls+=("$CURRENT_URL")
          fi
          # 写入缓存文件
          printf "%s\n" "${urls[@]}" > deployment-urls.txt
          # 输出逗号分隔的URL列表
          echo "deployment_urls=$(IFS=,; echo "${urls[*]}")" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT

      - name: 更新缓存
        uses: actions/cache@v3
        with:
          path: deployment-urls.txt
          key: deployment-urls-pr-${{ steps.extract-info.outputs.pr_number }}-${{ steps.merge-urls.outputs.deployment_urls }}

  run-tests:
    needs: collect-deployment-urls
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    # 仅当收集到至少两个URL时触发测试
    if: ${{ contains(needs.collect-deployment-urls.outputs.deployment_urls, ',') }}
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
      - uses: actions/setup-node@v3
        with:
          node-version: '18.x'
      - name: 安装依赖
        run: yarn install
      - name: 进入Dashboard目录
        run: cd apps/dashboard
      - name: 安装Playwright依赖
        run: npx playwright install --with-deps
      - name: 设置部署URL环境变量
        run: |
          IFS=',' read -r -a urls <<< "${{ needs.collect-deployment-urls.outputs.deployment_urls }}"
          echo "DEPLOYMENT_URL1=${urls[0]}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
          echo "DEPLOYMENT_URL2=${urls[1]}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
      - name: 运行Playwright测试
        run: npx playwright test
        env:
          DEPLOYMENT_URL1: ${{ env.DEPLOYMENT_URL1 }}
          DEPLOYMENT_URL2: ${{ env.DEPLOYMENT_URL2 }}
      - name: 上传测试报告
        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
        with:
          name: playwright-report
          path: playwright-report
      - name: 清理PR关联的缓存
        uses: actions/cache@v3
        with:
          path: deployment-urls.txt
          key: deployment-urls-pr-${{ github.event.deployment.pull_requests[0].number }}
          action: delete

方案说明 #

1. 收集URL的Job：每次部署成功时触发，将当前部署URL存入与PR编号绑定的缓存中，自动去重后输出合并的URL列表。
2. 运行测试的Job：依赖收集URL的Job，仅当URL列表包含至少两个URL时才执行测试，避免提前触发。
3. 缓存清理：测试完成后自动清理当前PR的缓存，避免干扰后续的PR或部署。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者cdhiraj40