Ansible Molecule忽略Git类型Collection依赖问题排查

环境版本 #

molecule 4.0.4 using python 3.9 
ansible:2.14.1
delegated:4.0.4 from molecule
docker:2.1.0 from molecule_docker requiring collections: community.docker>=3.0.2 ansible.posix>=1.4.0

当前配置 #

molecule.yml依赖部分 #

---
dependency:
  name: galaxy
  options:
    requirements-file: collections.yml
...

collections.yml #

---
collections:
  - name: https://github.com/acoby/ansible-collection.git
    type: git 
    version: main

错误日志 #

$ molecule test
...
INFO     Running default > dependency
WARNING  Skipping, missing the requirements file.
WARNING  Skipping, missing the requirements file.
...
An exception occurred during task execution. 
To see the full traceback, use -vvv. The error was: #eof. 
Could not load "acoby.collection.my_urlencode": 
'Invalid plugin FQCN (acoby.collection.my_urlencode): 
unable to locate collection acoby.collection'
failed: [instance] (item={'src': 'mail.rc.j2', 'dest': '/root/.mailrc', 'mode': '0440'})
...

问题原因及解决方法 #

1. 配置文件路径未正确识别 #

Molecule提示Skipping, missing the requirements file.，说明未找到指定的collections.yml：

• 确保文件放在Molecule场景目录（如roles/your_role/molecule/default/），若放在角色根目录，需在molecule.yml中指定相对路径：

  dependency:
    name: galaxy
    options:
      requirements-file: ../../collections.yml
  

• 可手动验证路径：在场景目录执行ls ../../collections.yml，确认文件存在。

2. Collections.yml格式不符合Ansible Galaxy规范 #

Git类型的collection配置需区分name（collection的FQCN，即acoby.collection）和source（Git仓库地址），原配置将Git地址写在name字段，导致无法识别：

---
collections:
  - name: acoby.collection
    source: https://github.com/acoby/ansible-collection.git
    type: git
    version: main

• 先手动执行ansible-galaxy collection install -r collections.yml，验证collection能正常安装，排除Ansible本身的问题。

3. Molecule与Ansible版本兼容性优化 #

Molecule 4.x与Ansible 2.14.x需确保依赖组件兼容：

• 执行pip install --upgrade ansible molecule molecule-docker，更新到最新兼容版本。
• 若手动安装成功但Molecule仍失败，可添加force: true参数强制重新安装：

  dependency:
    name: galaxy
    options:
      requirements-file: collections.yml
      force: true
  

4. 验证临时目录的Collection安装情况 #

Molecule会将collection安装在临时缓存目录（如~/.cache/molecule/your_role/default/collections），运行molecule test后可检查该目录下是否存在acoby.collection，确认安装状态。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者TRW