升级Kotlin 1.6.0到1.7.0后无法解析kotlin-gradle-plugin的解决办法

将Kotlin版本从1.6.0升级至1.7.0后，项目配置时出现以下错误：

A problem occurred configuring root project 'android'.
> Could not resolve all artifacts for configuration ':classpath'.
   > Could not resolve org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:1.7.0.
     Required by:
         project :
      > The consumer was configured to find a runtime of a component compatible with Java 8, packaged as a jar, and its dependencies declared externally. However we cannot choose between the following variants of org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:1.7.0:
          - gradle70JavadocElements
          - gradle70RuntimeElements
          - gradle70SourcesElements
          - javadocElements
          - runtimeElements
          - sourcesElements
        All of them match the consumer attributes:
          - Variant 'gradle70JavadocElements' capability org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:1.7.0 declares a runtime of a component, and its dependencies declared externally:
              - Unmatched attributes:
                  - Provides documentation but the consumer didn't ask for it
                  - Provides javadocs but the consumer didn't ask for it
                  - Doesn't say anything about its target Java version (required compatibility with Java 8)
                  - Doesn't say anything about its elements (required them packaged as a jar)
                  - Provides attribute 'org.gradle.plugin.api-version' with value '7.0' but the consumer didn't ask for it
                  - Provides release status but the consumer didn't ask for it
          - Variant 'gradle70RuntimeElements' capability org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:1.7.0 declares a runtime of a component compatible with Java 8, packaged as a jar, and its dependencies declared externally:
              - Unmatched attributes:
                  - Provides a library but the consumer didn't ask for it
                  - Provides attribute 'org.gradle.jvm.environment' with value 'standard-jvm' but the consumer didn't ask for it
                  - Provides attribute 'org.gradle.plugin.api-version' with value '7.0' but the consumer didn't ask for it
                  - Provides release status but the consumer didn't ask for it
                  - Provides attribute 'org.jetbrains.kotlin.platform.type' with value 'jvm' but the consumer didn't ask for it

修复步骤： #

• 升级Gradle版本至7.0及以上
  Kotlin 1.7.0的Gradle插件依赖Gradle 7.x版本的特性，旧版本Gradle无法识别插件的gradle70*变体，导致版本选择冲突。修改项目根目录下的gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties文件，更新Gradle分发地址：

  distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-7.0.2-all.zip
  

• 统一Java兼容性配置
  在根项目的build.gradle（或build.gradle.kts）中明确指定Java 8的兼容性，避免属性不匹配：
  若使用Groovy DSL：

  plugins {
      id 'com.android.application' version '7.0.0' apply false
      id 'org.jetbrains.kotlin.android' version '1.7.0' apply false
  }
  
  java {
      sourceCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
      targetCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
  }
  

  若使用Kotlin DSL：

  plugins {
      id("com.android.application") version "7.0.0" apply false
      id("org.jetbrains.kotlin.android") version "1.7.0" apply false
  }
  
  java {
      sourceCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
      targetCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
  }
  

• 清理缓存并重新同步项目
  执行Gradle命令清理缓存并刷新依赖：

  ./gradlew clean build --refresh-dependencies
  

  在Android Studio中，可通过File -> Sync Project with Gradle Files完成项目同步。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Murat Aktay