Django项目用xhtml2pdf生成PDF时阿拉伯语显示黑块的问题

一、修复xhtml2pdf的字体加载与嵌入问题 #

1. 确保字体路径正确并强制嵌入 #

xhtml2pdf对静态文件路径解析存在局限，且默认不嵌入字体，需调整@font-face配置：

@font-face {
    font-family: RTLFont;
    /* 使用Django静态文件绝对路径，或本地文件绝对路径 */
    src: url('{{ STATIC_ROOT }}/Markazi_Text/static/MarkaziText-Regular.ttf');
    embed: true; /* 关键：强制将字体嵌入PDF */
}

2. 优化渲染函数配置 #

在render_to_pdf中明确编码和默认字体，同时添加错误日志方便排查：

from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.template.loader import get_template
from xhtml2pdf import pisa
from io import BytesIO
from django.conf import settings

def render_to_pdf(template_src, context_dict={}):
    context_dict['STATIC_ROOT'] = settings.STATIC_ROOT
    template = get_template(template_src)
    html = template.render(context_dict)
    result = BytesIO()

    pdf_options = {
        'encoding': 'UTF-8',
        'default_font': 'RTLFont'
    }

    pdf = pisa.pisaDocument(BytesIO(html.encode("utf-8")), result, **pdf_options)
    if not pdf.err:
        return HttpResponse(result.getvalue(), content_type='application/pdf')
    print(pdf.err)  # 打印错误信息用于排查
    return HttpResponse('生成PDF失败')

3. 验证字体文件完整性 #

确保使用的字体文件未损坏，可更换Amiri、Noto Naskh Arabic等官方阿拉伯语字体测试。

二、替代方案：使用WeasyPrint（推荐） #

WeasyPrint对RTL语言、现代CSS和字体嵌入的支持远优于xhtml2pdf，适合复杂排版场景：

1. 安装依赖 #

pip install weasyprint markdown

2. 重写PDF渲染函数 #

from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.template.loader import get_template
from weasyprint import HTML
from django.conf import settings
import markdown

def render_to_pdf(template_src, context_dict={}):
    context_dict['STATIC_URL'] = settings.STATIC_URL
    # 处理Markdown转HTML
    if 'markdown_content' in context_dict:
        context_dict['markdown_html'] = markdown.markdown(context_dict['markdown_content'])
    
    template = get_template(template_src)
    html = template.render(context_dict)
    pdf_bytes = HTML(string=html, base_url=settings.STATIC_URL).write_pdf()

    response = HttpResponse(pdf_bytes, content_type='application/pdf')
    response['Content-Disposition'] = 'inline; filename="result.pdf"'
    return response

3. 简化HTML模板 #

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html dir="rtl" lang="ar">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <style>
        @font-face {
            font-family: 'Noto Naskh Arabic';
            src: url('{{ STATIC_URL }}/fonts/NotoNaskhArabic-Regular.ttf');
        }
        body {
            font-family: 'Noto Naskh Arabic', serif;
            font-size: 16px;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <div>{{ entry.arabic_content }}</div>
    <!-- 渲染转义后的Markdown内容 -->
    <div>{{ markdown_html|safe }}</div>
</body>
</html>

三、替代方案：使用FPDF2 #

FPDF2专门支持阿拉伯语连字和RTL排版，适合精细控制PDF内容的场景：

1. 安装依赖 #

pip install fpdf2 arabic-reshaper python-bidi markdown

2. 编写PDF生成函数 #

from django.http import HttpResponse
from fpdf import FPDF
import arabic_reshaper
from bidi.algorithm import get_display
import markdown

class ArabicPDF(FPDF):
    def header(self):
        self.set_font('NotoNaskhArabic', '', 16)
        self.cell(0, 10, 'النتائج', 0, 1, 'R')

    def add_arabic_text(self, text):
        reshaped_text = arabic_reshaper.reshape(text)
        bidi_text = get_display(reshaped_text)
        self.set_font('NotoNaskhArabic', '', 12)
        self.multi_cell(0, 10, bidi_text)
        self.ln()

def generate_arabic_pdf(request):
    pdf = ArabicPDF()
    pdf.add_page()
    # 添加阿拉伯语字体
    pdf.add_font('NotoNaskhArabic', '', f'{settings.STATIC_ROOT}/fonts/NotoNaskhArabic-Regular.ttf', uni=True)
    
    theentry = entry.objects.get(id=2)
    # 添加阿拉伯语内容
    pdf.add_arabic_text(theentry.arabic_content)
    # 添加Markdown转HTML后的内容
    markdown_html = markdown.markdown(theentry.markdown_content)
    pdf.write_html(markdown_html)

    response = HttpResponse(pdf.output(dest='S').encode('latin-1'), content_type='application/pdf')
    response['Content-Disposition'] = 'inline; filename="arabic_result.pdf"'
    return response

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Mostafa Mohamed