使用use-package整理Emacs的init.el时，custom-set-variables块该放何处？

核心结论 #

把custom-set-variables和custom-set-faces代码块放在init.el的最末尾，也就是所有use-package配置代码的后面。

原因说明 #

• Emacs的Custom系统会自动维护这两个代码块，用来记录你通过图形界面或交互操作修改的配置。放在末尾能避免被前面的use-package配置覆盖，确保这些自定义设置最终生效。
• use-package是主动声明包的加载逻辑和配置，属于“前置定义”；而Custom块是“后续记录”的配置，两者顺序错开不会干扰彼此的加载优先级。

示例配置结构 #

;; 先配置use-package基础设置
(use-package use-package
  :ensure t
  :config
  (setq use-package-always-ensure t))

;; 其他包的use-package配置示例
(use-package magit
  :bind ("C-x g" . magit-status))

(use-package which-key
  :config
  (which-key-mode))

;; ... 更多use-package配置 ...

;; 最后放Custom自动生成的代码块
(custom-set-variables
 ;; custom-set-variables was added by Custom.
 ;; If you edit it by hand, you could mess it up, so be careful.
 ;; Your init file should contain only one such instance.
 ;; If there is more than one, they won't work right.
 '(ispell-dictionary nil)
 '(package-selected-packages
   '(sonic-pi browse-kill-ring sclang-extensions async magit avy csv-mode company ein conda perspective buffer-move pdf-tools which-key helpful use-package sudo-edit))
 '(send-mail-function 'mailclient-send-it))
(custom-set-faces
 ;; custom-set-faces was added by Custom.
 ;; If you edit it by hand, you could mess it up, so be careful.
 ;; Your init file should contain only one such instance.
 ;; If there is more than one, they won't work right.
 )

额外注意事项 #

• 尽量不要手动修改Custom块内的内容，所有主动配置优先通过use-package或setq完成，让Custom块仅保留Emacs自动生成的记录。
• 如果想把package-selected-packages里的包迁移到use-package，可以逐个用(use-package 包名 :ensure t)声明，之后Emacs会自动更新Custom块里的包列表。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者d m