Spring Boot登录注册应用Postman POST请求报404错误求助

DevOps 小满

2026-7-27

Spring Boot注册接口POST请求404问题排查

我基于Spring Boot开发了一套用户登录与注册应用，项目启动运行无报错，但在Postman中发送POST请求时出现「404 Not Found」错误，请求帮忙排查原因。

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.1</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>net.guides.springboot3</groupId>
    <artifactId>Backend</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>Backend</name>
    <description>Spring Boot Backend</description>
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>19</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>jakarta.persistence</groupId>
            <artifactId>jakarta.persistence-api</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-crypto</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-validation</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.validation</groupId>
            <artifactId>validation-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.1.Final</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-j</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

RegistrationController.java

package net.guides.springboot3.Backend.controller;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.validation.Valid;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.DeleteMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PutMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;

//import net.guides.springboot3.Backend.exception.ResourceNotFoundException;
import net.guides.springboot3.Backend.model.User;
import net.guides.springboot3.Backend.repository.UserRepository;
import net.guides.springboot3.Backend.service.UserService;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api")
public class RegistrationController {

    private UserService userService;

    public RegistrationController(UserService userService) {
        this.userService = userService;
    }

    @PostMapping("/register")
    public ResponseEntity<Object> registerUser(@Valid @RequestBody User user) {
        boolean isRegistered = userService.registerUser(user);
        if (!isRegistered) {
            return new ResponseEntity<>("Email already in use", HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST);
        }
        return new ResponseEntity<>("User registered successfully. Verify your email before login", HttpStatus.OK);
    }

    //verifyEmail endpoint method
    @GetMapping("/verify-email")
    public ResponseEntity<Object> verifyEmail(@RequestParam("token") String token) {
        boolean isVerified = userService.verifyEmail(token);
        if (!isVerified) {
            return new ResponseEntity<>("Invalid token", HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST);
        }
        return new ResponseEntity<>("Email verified successfully", HttpStatus.OK);
    }
}

UserRepository.java

package net.guides.springboot3.Backend.repository;

import net.guides.springboot3.Backend.model.User;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

@Repository
public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Long> {

    boolean existsByEmail(String email);
    User findByVerificationToken(String token);
}

User.java

package net.guides.springboot3.Backend.model;

import jakarta.persistence.Column;
import jakarta.persistence.Entity;
import jakarta.persistence.GenerationType;
import jakarta.persistence.Id;
import jakarta.persistence.Table;
import jakarta.persistence.GeneratedValue;

@Entity
@Table(name = "users")
public class User {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Long id;

    @Column(name = "email", unique = true, nullable = false)
    private String email;

    @Column(name = "password", nullable = false)
    private String password;
    private String verificationToken;
    // other fields

    // getters and setters
    public String getVerificationToken() {
        return verificationToken;
    }

    // getters and setters
    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }
    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    @Column(name = "verification_token")
    public void setVerificationToken(String verificationToken) {
        this.verificationToken = verificationToken;
    }

    @Column(name = "first_name", nullable = false)
    private String firstName;

    @Column(name = "last_name", nullable = false)
    private String lastName;

    @Column(name = "is_verified", nullable = false)
    private boolean isVerified;
    // getters and setters
    public void setIsVerified(boolean isVerified) {
        this.isVerified = isVerified;
    }

    public boolean getIsVerified() {
        return isVerified;
    }

    // getters and setters
    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }
}

UserService.java

package net.guides.springboot3.Backend.service;

import java.util.UUID;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
import net.guides.springboot3.Backend.model.User;
import net.guides.springboot3.Backend.repository.UserRepository;

import net.guides.springboot3.Backend.model.User;
import net.guides.springboot3.Backend.repository.UserRepository;

@Service
public class UserService {

    private BCryptPasswordEncoder passwordEncoder;
    private UserRepository userRepository;
    private JavaMailSender javaMailSender;

    public UserService(UserRepository userRepository, JavaMailSender javaMailSender) {
        this.userRepository = userRepository;
        this.javaMailSender = javaMailSender;
        this.passwordEncoder = new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
    }

    public boolean registerUser(User user) {
        if (userRepository.existsByEmail(user.getEmail())) {
            return false;
        }
        //Encrypt password using bcrypt
        user.setPassword(passwordEncoder.encode(user.getPassword()));
        user.setVerificationToken(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
        user.setIsVerified(false);
        userRepository.save(user);

        // send verification email
        SimpleMailMessage mailMessage = new SimpleMailMessage();
        mailMessage.setTo(user.getEmail());
        mailMessage.setSubject("Verify your email address");
        mailMessage.setText("Please click the link below to verify your email address: \n"
                + "http://localhost:8080/verify-email?token=" + user.getVerificationToken());
        javaMailSender.send(mailMessage);
        return true;
    }

    public boolean verifyEmail(String token) {
        User user = userRepository.findByVerificationToken(token);
        if (user == null) {
            return false;
        }
        user.setIsVerified(true);
        user.setVerificationToken(null);
        userRepository.save(user);
        return true;
    }
}

排查方向

请求路径错误：注册接口的完整路径是POST http://localhost:8080/api/register，检查Postman中是否正确填写了该路径，不要遗漏/api前缀。另外，UserService中发送的验证链接路径缺失/api，应该改为http://localhost:8080/api/verify-email?token=xxx，否则验证请求也会返回404。
启动类包扫描范围：确认Spring Boot启动类所在包是否为net.guides.springboot3.Backend或其父包，只有这样才能自动扫描到controller层的Bean。如果启动类在其他包下，需要在启动类上添加@ComponentScan(basePackages = "net.guides.springboot3.Backend")指定扫描范围。
依赖冲突问题：Spring Boot 3采用Jakarta EE规范，而你同时引入了javax.validation（旧版JEE规范）和spring-boot-starter-validation（Jakarta版本），还有重复的jakarta.persistence-api依赖，这会导致依赖冲突，影响Spring MVC的正常初始化。建议删除javax.validation:validation-api和jakarta.persistence:jakarta.persistence-api这两个依赖，Spring Boot的starter已经包含了所需的依赖。
实体类映射问题：User类中verificationToken字段的@Column注解加在了setter方法上，其他字段的注解都在字段上，这种混合使用可能导致JPA映射异常，间接影响应用Bean的初始化。建议统一将@Column(name = "verification_token")移到private String verificationToken;字段上方。
请求方式与Content-Type：确认Postman中使用的是POST请求，并且请求头的Content-Type设置为application/json，否则Spring无法正确解析请求体，也可能导致404或其他错误。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Kushagra

Spring Boot登录注册应用Postman POST请求报404错误求助

pom.xml #

RegistrationController.java #

UserRepository.java #

User.java #

UserService.java #

排查方向 #

pom.xml

RegistrationController.java

UserRepository.java

User.java

UserService.java

排查方向