无法从GitHub私有仓库导入Go模块，请求技术支持

问题背景 #

我是Go新手，在GitHub个人账号下创建了Rainbow-Coloring-Books组织和api仓库，提交代码后尝试导入项目内其他包时，执行go mod tidy报错，已生成PAT并配置git，但问题未解决。

错误信息 #

go: finding module for package github.com/Rainbow-Coloring-Books/api/internal/service/user
go: finding module for package github.com/Rainbow-Coloring-Books/api/internal/handler/user
go: downloading github.com/Rainbow-Coloring-Books/api v0.0.0-20230324230419-1f509a56d7dc
rainbowcoloringbooks/cmd/server imports
        github.com/Rainbow-Coloring-Books/api/internal/handler/user: github.com/Rainbow-Coloring-Books/api@v0.0.0-20230324230419-1f509a56d7dc: verifying module: github.com/Rainbow-Coloring-Books/api@v0.0.0-20230324230419-1f509a56d7dc: reading https://sum.golang.org/lookup/github.com/!rainbow-!coloring-!books/api@v0.0.0-20230324230419-1f509a56d7dc: 404 Not Found
        server response:
        not found: github.com/Rainbow-Coloring-Books/api@v0.0.0-20230324230419-1f509a56d7dc: invalid version: git ls-remote -q origin in /tmp/gopath/pkg/mod/cache/vcs/5b2a00aa68931b5d9107e6e4b2650ff812770ef5d19fc84a0904a0cb32002eed: exit status 128:
                fatal: could not read Username for 'https://github.com': terminal prompts disabled
        Confirm the import path was entered correctly.
        If this is a private repository, see https://golang.org/doc/faq#git_https for additional information.
rainbowcoloringbooks/cmd/server imports
        github.com/Rainbow-Coloring-Books/api/internal/service/user: github.com/Rainbow-Coloring-Books/api@v0.0.0-20230324230419-1f509a56d7dc: verifying module: github.com/Rainbow-Coloring-Books/api@v0.0.0-20230324230419-1f509a56d7dc: reading https://sum.golang.org/lookup/github.com/!rainbow-!coloring-!books/api@v0.0.0-20230324230419-1f509a56d7dc: 404 Not Found
        server response:
        not found: github.com/Rainbow-Coloring-Books/api@v0.0.0-20230324230419-1f509a56d7dc: invalid version: git ls-remote -q origin in /tmp/gopath/pkg/mod/cache/vcs/5b2a00aa68931b5d9107e6e4b2650ff812770ef5d19fc84a0904a0cb32002eed: exit status 128:
                fatal: could not read Username for 'https://github.com': terminal prompts disabled
        Confirm the import path was entered correctly.
        If this is a private repository, see https://golang.org/doc/faq#git_https for additional information.

项目目录结构 #

api/
├── cmd/
│   └── server/
│       └── main.go
├── docker/
├── docs/
├── infrastructure/
├── kubernetes/
├── pkg/
└── internal/
    ├── app/
    ├── handler/
    ├── repository/
    └── service/

当前导入语句（main.go） #

import (
    userHandler "github.com/Rainbow-Coloring-Books/api/internal/handler/user"
    userService "github.com/Rainbow-Coloring-Books/api/internal/service/user"
)

尝试过的无效导入方式：

import (
    userService "github.com/Rainbow-Coloring-Books/api/blob/main/internal/service/user"
    userHandler "github.com/Rainbow-Coloring-Books/api/blob/main/internal/handler/user"
)

当前go.mod内容 #

module rainbowcoloringbooks

go 1.20

require github.com/gorilla/mux v1.8.0

require (
    github.com/go-playground/locales v0.14.1 // indirect
    github.com/go-playground/universal-translator v0.18.1 // indirect
    github.com/go-playground/validator/v10 v10.12.0 // indirect
    github.com/leodido/go-urn v1.2.2 // indirect
    golang.org/x/crypto v0.7.0 // indirect
    golang.org/x/sys v0.6.0 // indirect
    golang.org/x/text v0.8.0 // indirect
)

解决步骤 #

• 修正模块路径与导入路径匹配：你的go.mod中module声明是rainbowcoloringbooks，但导入用了github.com/Rainbow-Coloring-Books/api/...，本地项目的模块路径必须和导入路径一致。修改go.mod第一行：

  module github.com/Rainbow-Coloring-Books/api
  
  go 1.20
  

• 正确配置私有模块Git认证：Go拉取私有仓库需要认证，执行以下命令配置（替换your-PAT为你的令牌）：

  git config --global url."https://your-PAT@github.com/".insteadOf "https://github.com/"
  

  执行git config --global --get-regexp url确认配置生效。

• 禁用私有模块公共校验：私有模块校验和不会上传到公共服务器，执行命令跳过校验：

  go env -w GOPRIVATE=github.com/Rainbow-Coloring-Books/*
  

• 重新整理依赖：清理缓存并拉取依赖：

  go clean -modcache
  go mod tidy
  

• 本地开发导入注意：同一仓库内的包无需远程拉取，只要go.mod路径正确，Go会直接引用本地文件，无需修改导入路径。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Saus