语音识别项目麦克风源报错：AudioSource断言及NoneType属性错误

运行语音监听代码时出现AssertionError和AttributeError，即使手动指定麦克风设备索引为1仍未解决。相关代码及报错如下：

import speech_recognition as sr

robot_ear = sr.Recognizer()
with sr.Microphone(device_index=1) as mic:
    #robot_ear.adjust_for_ambient_noise(mic)
    print("Robot: I'm listening")
    audio = robot_ear.listen(mic)

try:
    you = robot_ear.recognize_google(audio)
except:
    you = ""

print(you)

报错信息：

Robot: I'm listening
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\trung\Documents\Python 3\nghe.py", line 7, in <module>
    audio = robot_ear.listen(mic)
            ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "C:\Users\trung\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python311\Lib\site-packages\speech_recognition\__init__.py", line 465, in listen
    assert source.stream is not None, "Audio source must be entered before listening, see documentation for ``AudioSource``; are you using ``source`` outside of a ``with`` statement?"
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
AssertionError: Audio source must be entered before listening, see documentation for ``AudioSource``; are you using ``source`` outside of a ``with`` statement?

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\trung\Documents\Python 3\nghe.py", line 4, in <module>
    with sr.Microphone(device_index=1) as mic:
  File "C:\Users\trung\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python311\Lib\site-packages\speech_recognition\__init__.py", line 189, in __exit__
    self.stream.close()
    ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'close'

核心原因 #

麦克风设备初始化失败，导致Microphone对象的stream属性为None。可能的触发因素：

• 指定的设备索引1并非实际可用的麦克风设备
• 程序没有麦克风访问权限
• 麦克风硬件被其他程序占用

解决步骤 #

• 步骤1：确认正确的麦克风设备索引
  运行以下代码列出所有可用音频输入设备，找到对应麦克风的正确索引：

import speech_recognition as sr
for index, name in enumerate(sr.Microphone.list_microphone_names()):
    print(f"设备索引 {index}: {name}")

• 步骤2：检查麦克风权限
  在Windows设置中，确保Python程序拥有麦克风访问权限：

  1. 打开「设置」→「隐私和安全性」→「麦克风」
  2. 开启「允许应用访问麦克风」，并确保Python在列表中被允许

• 步骤3：修复代码结构并处理异常
  将识别逻辑放到with块内部，同时捕获麦克风初始化异常，避免未定义变量和退出时的报错：

import speech_recognition as sr

robot_ear = sr.Recognizer()
try:
    with sr.Microphone(device_index=你的正确索引) as mic:
        robot_ear.adjust_for_ambient_noise(mic)  # 建议开启，优化识别效果
        print("Robot: I'm listening")
        audio = robot_ear.listen(mic)
        try:
            you = robot_ear.recognize_google(audio)
        except sr.UnknownValueError:
            you = "没听清你说的什么"
        except sr.RequestError:
            you = "无法连接到语音识别服务"
        print(you)
except OSError:
    print("无法初始化麦克风，请检查设备索引或权限")

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Nghia Nguyen