Mac Ventura下用pyenv安装Python3.11时curses扩展编译失败

我在Intel架构的Mac Ventura 13.3系统上，尝试使用pyenv（一款可按项目管理多Python版本的实用工具）安装Python 3.11，执行以下命令时：

pyenv install 3.11

出现如下错误：

ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '_curses'
WARNING: The Python curses extension was not compiled. Missing the ncurses lib?

已尝试的解决方法 #

安装ncurses并配置环境变量 #

brew install ncurses
export CPPFLAGS="-I$(brew --prefix ncurses)/include"
export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/ncurses/lib"
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/local/opt/ncurses/lib/pkgconfig"
pyenv install 3.11

手动链接Homebrew库（参考GitHub相关讨论） #

export CFLAGS="-I$(brew --prefix zlib)/include -I$(brew --prefix bzip2)/include -I$(brew --prefix openssl)/include -I$(brew --prefix readline)/include -I$(brew --prefix ncurses)/include -I$(xcrun --show-sdk-path)/usr/include"

export LDFLAGS="-L$(brew --prefix zlib)/lib -L$(brew --prefix bzip2)/lib -L$(brew --prefix openssl)/lib -L$(brew --prefix readline)/lib -L$(brew --prefix ncurses)/lib -L$(xcrun --show-sdk-path)/usr/lib"

pyenv install 3.11

此外，我还重新安装了xcode-select并再次尝试上述步骤。目前困惑的是，我能在/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include路径下找到ncurses.h文件。

pyenv的安装方式 #

1. 通过Homebrew安装pyenv：

brew update
brew install pyenv

2. 在.zshrc和.zprofile中配置路径：

echo 'export PYENV_ROOT="$HOME/.pyenv"' >> ~/.zshrc
echo 'command -v pyenv >/dev/null || export PATH="$PYENV_ROOT/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.zshrc
echo 'eval "$(pyenv init -)"' >> ~/.zshrc

3. 安装Python编译依赖：

brew install openssl readline sqlite3 xz zlib tcl-tk

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者KCQs