如何在WSL环境中通过控制台将Python升级至最新版本（当前版本为3.8.10）

Hey there! Upgrading Python on WSL (most folks use Ubuntu-based distros here, which I’ll assume is your case since you’re on 3.8.10) is totally doable with a couple of reliable methods. Let’s walk through them step by step:

Method 1: Use the Deadsnakes PPA (Recommended - Simple & Stable) #

Deadsnakes is a trusted PPA that provides up-to-date Python versions for Ubuntu/Debian-based systems. This is the easiest way to get the latest Python without messing with system dependencies.

• First, update your system’s package list and upgrade existing packages to avoid conflicts:

  sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y
  

• Install the tools needed to add new PPAs:

  sudo apt install software-properties-common -y
  

• Add the Deadsnakes PPA to your system:

  sudo add-apt-repository ppa:deadsnakes/ppa -y
  

• Refresh the package list again to recognize the new PPA’s packages:

  sudo apt update
  

• Install the latest Python version (replace 3.12 with the actual latest version number, e.g., 3.13 if it’s available):

  sudo apt install python3.12 python3.12-dev python3.12-venv -y
  

• Optional: Set the new Python version as your default python3 command:
  1. First, check the path of your newly installed Python:

     which python3.12
     

  2. Add it to the system’s alternatives list:

     sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python3 python3 /usr/bin/python3.12 1
     

  3. If you have multiple Python versions installed, you can select the default one interactively:

     sudo update-alternatives --config python3
     

     Just enter the number corresponding to your new Python version and hit enter.
• Verify the upgrade worked:

  python3 --version
  

  You should see the latest version number printed here.

Method 2: Compile from Source (For Custom Configurations) #

If you need specific compile-time features or the PPA doesn’t have the version you want, compiling from source is an option. It’s a bit more involved but gives you full control.

• Install all dependencies required to compile Python:

  sudo apt update && sudo apt install build-essential zlib1g-dev libncurses5-dev libgdbm-dev libnss3-dev libssl-dev libreadline-dev libffi-dev wget -y
  

• Download the latest Python source code (replace the URL with the link to the latest version from Python’s official site):

  wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.12.0/Python-3.12.0.tgz
  

• Extract the downloaded archive:

  tar -xf Python-3.12.0.tgz
  

• Navigate into the extracted source directory:

  cd Python-3.12.0
  

• Configure the build (the --enable-optimizations flag enables performance optimizations, which is recommended):

  ./configure --enable-optimizations
  

• Compile and install Python (use -j followed by your CPU core count to speed up compilation, e.g., -j4 for a 4-core CPU):

  make -j4
  sudo make altinstall
  

  We use altinstall instead of install to avoid overwriting the system’s default Python version (which could break critical system tools).
• Verify the installation:

  python3.12 --version
  

  You can also set this as your default using the update-alternatives steps from Method 1 if you’d like.

Important Notes #

• Don’t uninstall the system’s default Python 3.8: Ubuntu relies on this version for many core utilities, removing it could break your WSL instance.
• When creating virtual environments, make sure to specify the new Python version explicitly, e.g., python3.12 -m venv my_new_env.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Max Jahleel Castillo