PyCharm调试器异常：安装Cython扩展遇权限错误求助

PyCharm调试项目时，点击调试按钮弹出提示：

Python Debugger Extension Available
Cython extension speeds up Python debugging

点击安装后出现编译错误：

Copile Cython Extension Error:

Non-zero exit code (1): Traceback (most recent call last): File "/opt/pycharm-professional/plugins/python/helpers/pydev/setup_cython.py", line 242, in   main() File "/opt/pycharm-professional/plugins/python/helpers/pydev/setup_cython.py", line 233, in main with FrameEvalModuleBuildContext(): File "/opt/pycharm-professional/plugins/python/helpers/pydev/setup_cython.py", line 187, in __enter__ shutil.copy(compatible_c, self._c_file) File "/home/lz/.pyenv/versions/3.8.16/lib/python3.8/shutil.py", line 418, in copy copyfile(src, dst, follow_symlinks=follow_symlinks) File "/home/lz/.pyenv/versions/3.8.16/lib/python3.8/shutil.py", line 264, in copyfile with open(src, 'rb') as fsrc, open(dst, 'wb') as fdst: PermissionError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/opt/pycharm-professional/plugins/python/helpers/pydev/_pydevd_frame_eval/pydevd_frame_evaluator.c' 

环境说明：Arch Linux系统，使用pyenv管理Python版本，已通过Arch包管理器和项目内pip安装Cython，但问题未解决。

• 方法一：以管理员权限启动PyCharm
  错误核心是当前用户无权限写入/opt/pycharm-professional目录（默认属主为root），用以下命令启动PyCharm：

  sudo /opt/pycharm-professional/bin/pycharm.sh
  

  启动后重新尝试安装扩展，完成后关闭PyCharm，后续正常启动即可。

• 方法二：修改插件目录权限
  直接让当前用户拥有PyCharm pydev目录的写入权限：

  sudo chown -R $USER:$USER /opt/pycharm-professional/plugins/python/helpers/pydev
  

  执行后重启PyCharm，再次尝试安装扩展。

• 方法三：手动编译安装扩展

  1. 复制PyCharm的pydev文件到用户临时目录：

     cp -r /opt/pycharm-professional/plugins/python/helpers/pydev ~/pydev-temp
     

  2. 进入临时目录运行编译脚本：

     cd ~/pydev-temp
     python setup_cython.py build_ext --inplace
     

  3. 将编译好的文件复制回原目录：

     sudo cp -r ~/pydev-temp/_pydevd_frame_eval /opt/pycharm-professional/plugins/python/helpers/pydev/
     

  4. 删除临时目录：

     rm -rf ~/pydev-temp
     

  完成后重启PyCharm即可。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Leart Zuka