macOS下通过Homebrew安装PROS CLI时遭遇pyzmq legacy-install-failure错误

问题描述 #

在macOS上按官方指引完成所有前置步骤后，执行brew install pros-cli时遇到pyzmq安装失败的legacy-install-failure错误，此前通过VS Code扩展安装PROS CLI的尝试也失败，网上通用的legacy-install-failure解决方法均无效。错误日志关键内容如下：

Last 15 lines from /Users/***/Library/Logs/Homebrew/pros-cli/13.pip:

exec(compile(setup_py_code, filename, "exec"))
'"'""'"'"'"'" % ('"'""'/private/tmp/pros-cli--pyzmq-20230401-14633-yuj94s/pyzmq-20.0.0/setup.py'"'"',), "", "exec"))' install --record /private/tmp/pip-record-74volvcf/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /opt/homebrew/Cellar/pros-cli/3.4.1/libexec/include/site/python3.11/pyzmq
cwd: /private/tmp/pros-cli--pyzmq-20230401-14633-yuj94s/pyzmq-20.0.0/
Running setup.py install for pyzmq: finished with status 'error'
error: legacy-install-failure

× Encountered error while trying to install package.
╰─> pyzmq

note: This is an issue with the package mentioned above, not pip.
hint: See above for output from the failure.

[notice] A new release of pip available: 22.3.1 -> 23.0.1
[notice] To update, run: python3.11 -m pip install --upgrade pip

针对性解决步骤 #

• 优先安装pyzmq预编译二进制包
  跳过源码编译，直接安装pyzmq的wheel包：

  pip3 install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel
  pip3 install pyzmq==20.0.0 --only-binary :all:
  

  完成后重新执行brew install pros-cli

• 补全编译依赖
  pyzmq源码编译需要Xcode工具链和zmq基础库，执行以下命令安装：

  xcode-select --install
  brew install pkg-config libzmq
  

  配置环境变量让pip识别依赖：

  export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/opt/homebrew/lib/pkgconfig"
  

  再尝试安装pros-cli

• 切换兼容的Python版本
  日志显示使用Python3.11，而pyzmq 20.0.0与该版本兼容性较差，切换到Python3.10尝试：

  brew install python@3.10
  brew link python@3.10 --force
  

  重新执行brew install pros-cli

• 绕过Homebrew直接安装
  如果上述方法都无效，直接用pip安装官方完整包：

  pip3 install pros-cli[all]
  

  安装完成后验证：

  pros --version
  

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者gamingcomplex