如何将动态URL传入Django上下文字典？实现通用删除模板

问题背景 #

当前每个X_confirm_delete.html模板都硬编码了Cancel按钮的跳转URL，希望通过在各个DeleteView中传入动态URL，实现单个通用删除模板的复用。

实现步骤 #

1. 创建通用删除模板 #

新建通用模板generic_confirm_delete.html，将硬编码URL替换为上下文变量：

<form method="POST" action="">
  {% csrf_token %}
  <h2>Are you sure you would like to delete this {{ object._meta.verbose_name }}?</h2>
  <button type="submit" value="send" class="btn btn-danger">Yes, Delete</button>
  <button class="btn btn-info mb-8">
    <a class="text-white" href="{{ cancel_url }}">Cancel</a>
  </button>
</form>

其中object._meta.verbose_name会动态显示当前模型的名称，让模板适配更多场景。

2. 修改BlogDeleteView传递动态取消URL #

更新views.py中的BlogDeleteView，在get_context_data中生成并传入取消按钮的目标URL：

class BlogDeleteView(SuccessMessageMixin,LoginRequiredMixin,TeacherOwnerPassesTestMixin,DeleteView):
    model = Post
    template_name = "postings/generic_confirm_delete.html"  # 切换为通用模板
    success_url = reverse_lazy('blog-list')
    success_message = "Your post has been deleted!"

    def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
        context = super().get_context_data(**kwargs)
        context['list_title'] = "Our Blog"
        context['list_url'] = "blog-list"
        context['detail_title'] = "Delete Post"
        # 生成取消按钮的跳转URL：此处指向当前文章的详情页
        context['cancel_url'] = reverse('blog-detail', kwargs={'pk': self.object.id})
        return context

如果需要跳转到列表页，直接替换为reverse('blog-list')即可，可根据需求灵活调整。

3. 其他删除视图复用示例 #

比如针对评论的删除视图，同样可以复用该通用模板：

class CommentDeleteView(SuccessMessageMixin,LoginRequiredMixin,DeleteView):
    model = Comment
    template_name = "postings/generic_confirm_delete.html"
    success_url = reverse_lazy('blog-list')
    success_message = "Comment deleted successfully!"

    def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
        context = super().get_context_data(**kwargs)
        # 取消按钮跳转到评论所属的文章详情页
        context['cancel_url'] = reverse('blog-detail', kwargs={'pk': self.object.post.id})
        return context

关键说明 #

• 借助DeleteView的get_context_data方法动态生成cancel_url，可自由控制Cancel按钮的跳转目标
• 通用模板依赖DjangoDeleteView默认传入的object变量和自定义的cancel_url变量，无需为每个模型单独编写模板
• 若所有删除场景的Cancel按钮都指向列表页，也可直接在模板中使用{% url list_url %}，但动态传入cancel_url的方式灵活性更强

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Dylan Bergmann