本地正常的Curl命令在Azure DevOps Pipeline中报Error 55问题排查

问题背景 #

某条Curl命令在本地执行正常，但在Azure DevOps Pipeline的bash任务中运行时报错curl: (55) Failed sending data to the peer。

本地正常运行的命令 #

curl --no-keepalive -X POST -H "Content-Type:multipart/form-data" -u user:pass -F "file=@output_final.xml" -F "info=@testExec.json" "https://***.***.****/rest/raven/1.0/import/execution/robot/multipart"

Azure DevOps报错日志 #

"C:\Program Files\Git\bin\bash.exe" /d/a/_temp/9f68be43-cac3-4312-8c3f-1c12c97dd9da.sh
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed

  0     0    0     0    0     0      0      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--     0
 11  544k    0     0   11 65535      0   202k  0:00:02 --:--:--  0:00:02  203k
curl: (55) Failed sending data to the peer

关联的Azure DevOps YAML配置 #

trigger:
- main

pool:
  vmImage: 'windows-latest'

strategy:
  matrix:
    RobotTestsWithPython3:
      python.version: '3.7'
  maxParallel: 1

steps:

- task: UsePythonVersion@0
  inputs: 
    versionSpec: '$(python.version)'
    architecture: 'x64'

- script: pip install robotframework robotframework-pabot robotframework-seleniumlibrary webdrivermanager
  displayName: 'Install dependencies'

- powershell: |
    Write-Host "Robot Framework tests"
    robot --nostatusrc -x 'mergedxunit.xml' -N "Zeitreel CommerceCloud Tests" -d '$(Build.SourcesDirectory)\reports\' '$(Build.SourcesDirectory)\ZeitReel-Automation\TestCases\ZippySmokeTests.robot'
  failOnStderr: true
  displayName: 'Run Robot Framework Tests'
  continueOnError: true

- powershell: |
    Write-Host "Rerun Failed tests"
    robot --nostatusrc --rerunfailed '$(Build.SourcesDirectory)\reports\output.xml' -x 'mergedxunit2.xml' --output 'output2.xml' -N "Zeitreel CommerceCloud Tests" -d '$(Build.SourcesDirectory)\reports\' '$(Build.SourcesDirectory)\ZeitReel-Automation\TestCases\ZippySmokeTests.robot'
  failOnStderr: true
  displayName: 'Rerun Failed Robot Framework Tests'
  continueOnError: true

- powershell: |
    Write-Host "Run rebot to merge results"
    rebot --nostatusrc --merge --outputdir '$(Build.SourcesDirectory)\reports' --output 'output_final.xml' --report 'merged_report.html' --log 'merged_log.html' '$(Build.SourcesDirectory)\reports\output.xml' '$(Build.SourcesDirectory)\reports\output2.xml'
  failOnStderr: true
  displayName: 'Merge Robot Framework Test Results'
  continueOnError: true

- powershell: |
    Write-Host "Run rebot to merge results xunit"
    rebot --nostatusrc --merge --xunit '$(Build.SourcesDirectory)\reports\outputxunit_final.xml' '$(Build.SourcesDirectory)\reports\output.xml' '$(Build.SourcesDirectory)\reports\output2.xml'
  failOnStderr: true
  displayName: 'Merge Robot Framework Test Results (xUnit)'
  continueOnError: true

  
- task: PublishTestResults@2
  displayName: 'Publish Test Results'
  continueOnError: true
  inputs:
    testResultsFiles: '$(Build.SourcesDirectory)\reports\outputxunit_final.xml'

- task: PublishBuildArtifacts@1
  displayName: 'Publish Robot Results'
  inputs:
    PathtoPublish: '$(Build.SourcesDirectory)\reports\' # string. Required. Path to publish. Default: $(Build.ArtifactStagingDirectory).
    ArtifactName: 'Robot_ResultsOutput' 
    publishLocation: 'Container' 

- bash: |
    curl --no-keepalive -X POST -H "Content-Type: multipart/form-data" -u user:pass -F "file=@$(Build.SourcesDirectory)\reports\output_final.xml" -F "info=@testExec.json" "https://xxx.xxxx.xxx/rest/raven/1.0/import/execution/robot/multipart"
  displayName: "Upload to OSF"
  continueOnError: true


schedules:
- cron: "0 5 * * 1-5"
  displayName: Nightly build
  branches:
    include:
    - main
- cron: "0 13 * * 1-5"
  displayName: Midday build
  branches:
    include:
    - main

已尝试添加--no-keepalive选项，但错误仍未解决，以下是具体的原因分析和解决办法：

原因分析与解决办法 #

1. Windows环境下Bash路径格式不兼容 #

Azure DevOps使用Windows镜像，bash任务调用Git Bash，而命令中使用Windows风格的\路径分隔符，Git Bash解析时可能出错，导致无法读取文件。

解决步骤：
将路径转换为Unix风格的/分隔符，修改curl命令：

curl --no-keepalive -X POST -H "Content-Type: multipart/form-data" -u user:pass -F "file=@$(Build.SourcesDirectory)/reports/output_final.xml" -F "info=@testExec.json" "https://xxx.xxxx.xxx/rest/raven/1.0/import/execution/robot/multipart"

或者用cygpath工具自动转换路径：

FILE_PATH=$(cygpath -u "$(Build.SourcesDirectory)\reports\output_final.xml")
curl --no-keepalive -X POST -H "Content-Type: multipart/form-data" -u user:pass -F "file=@$FILE_PATH" -F "info=@testExec.json" "https://xxx.xxxx.xxx/rest/raven/1.0/import/execution/robot/multipart"

2. 文件不存在或权限异常 #

构建代理中生成的output_final.xml可能路径错误，或者没有读取权限，导致curl无法加载文件发送。

解决步骤：
在bash任务中先添加文件检查命令，确认文件状态：

# 查看目录下文件列表
ls -la "$(Build.SourcesDirectory)/reports/"
# 读取文件前几行验证内容
head "$(Build.SourcesDirectory)/reports/output_final.xml"

# 再执行curl命令
curl --no-keepalive -X POST -H "Content-Type: multipart/form-data" -u user:pass -F "file=@$(Build.SourcesDirectory)/reports/output_final.xml" -F "info=@testExec.json" "https://xxx.xxxx.xxx/rest/raven/1.0/import/execution/robot/multipart"

3. 网络代理或防火墙拦截 #

Azure DevOps构建代理的网络环境可能存在防火墙，或者需要通过代理才能访问目标服务器，导致数据发送中断。

解决步骤：

• 联系目标服务器管理员，确认Azure DevOps代理的IP是否在白名单内；
• 如果需要代理，在curl命令中添加代理参数：

curl --proxy http://your-proxy-addr:port --no-keepalive -X POST -H "Content-Type: multipart/form-data" -u user:pass -F "file=@$(Build.SourcesDirectory)/reports/output_final.xml" -F "info=@testExec.json" "https://xxx.xxxx.xxx/rest/raven/1.0/import/execution/robot/multipart"

4. Curl版本差异导致参数行为不同 #

本地和Azure DevOps环境的curl版本不一致，部分参数（如--no-keepalive）的行为存在差异。

解决步骤：

• 先查看bash环境中的curl版本：curl --version，对比本地版本；
• 尝试移除--no-keepalive，或添加--tcp-nodelay优化连接：

curl --tcp-nodelay -X POST -H "Content-Type: multipart/form-data" -u user:pass -F "file=@$(Build.SourcesDirectory)/reports/output_final.xml" -F "info=@testExec.json" "https://xxx.xxxx.xxx/rest/raven/1.0/import/execution/robot/multipart"

5. 改用PowerShell执行请求 #

Windows环境下，PowerShell对本地文件和网络请求的支持更原生，替换bash任务为PowerShell任务可能解决问题。

解决步骤：
将原bash任务替换为以下PowerShell任务：

$filePath = "$(Build.SourcesDirectory)\reports\output_final.xml"
$infoPath = "testExec.json"
$uri = "https://xxx.xxxx.xxx/rest/raven/1.0/import/execution/robot/multipart"
$securePass = ConvertTo-SecureString "pass" -AsPlainText -Force
$cred = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential ("user", $securePass)

Invoke-RestMethod -Uri $uri -Method Post -Credential $cred -Form @{
    file = Get-Item $filePath
    info = Get-Item $infoPath
}

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Daniel M. Oliveira