如何设置同一阶段不同Maven插件的执行顺序

• 需求：在maven-antrun-plugin执行前后分别打印消息
• 第一次尝试：重复声明echo-maven-plugin，报错提示同一插件只能配置一次
• 第二次尝试：将两个echo执行配置放在同一个echo-maven-plugin内，无报错但两条消息都在antrun执行前打印

第一次尝试配置代码：

<plugins>
  <plugin>
    <groupId>com.soebes.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>echo-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>0.5.0</version>
    <executions>
      <execution>
        <id>echo-before-call-plugin</id>
        <phase>compile</phase>
        <goals>
          <goal>echo</goal>
        </goals>
        <configuration>
        <echos>
          <echo>Before run plugin antrun.</echo>
        </echos>
      </configuration>
    </execution>
  </plugin>

  <plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-antrun-plugin</artifactId>
    <executions>
      <execution>
        <phase>compile</phase>
          <configuration>
            <tasks>
                    .....
            </tasks>
          </configuration>
          <goals>
            <goal>run</goal>
          </goals>
        </execution>
    </executions>
  </plugin>

  <plugin>
    <groupId>com.soebes.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>echo-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>0.5.0</version>
    <executions>
      <execution>
        <id>echo-before-call-plugin</id>
        <phase>compile</phase>
        <goals>
          <goal>echo</goal>
        </goals>
        <configuration>
        <echos>
          <echo>After run plugin antrun.</echo>
        </echos>
      </configuration>
    </execution>
  </plugin>
</plugins>

第二次尝试配置代码：

<plugins>
  <plugin>
    <groupId>com.soebes.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>echo-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>0.5.0</version>
    <executions>
      <execution>
        <id>echo-before-call-plugin</id>
        <phase>compile</phase>
        <goals>
          <goal>echo</goal>
        </goals>
        <configuration>
        <echos>
          <echo>Before run plugin antrun.</echo>
        </echos>
      </configuration>
    </execution>
    
     <execution>
        <id>echo-after-call-plugin</id>
        <phase>compile</phase>
        <goals>
          <goal>echo</goal>
        </goals>
        <configuration>
        <echos>
          <echo>After run plugin antrun.</echo>
        </echos>
      </configuration>
    </execution>
  </plugin>

  <plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-antrun-plugin</artifactId>
    <executions>
      <execution>
        <phase>compile</phase>
          <configuration>
            <tasks>
                    .....
            </tasks>
          </configuration>
          <goals>
            <goal>run</goal>
          </goals>
        </execution>
    </executions>
  </plugin>
</plugins>

第二次尝试的问题在于：所有执行（两个echo、一个antrun）都绑定到了同一个compile阶段。Maven在执行生命周期阶段时，会按插件在pom中的顺序执行所有绑定到该阶段的插件目标——因为echo-maven-plugin在maven-antrun-plugin之前，所以它的两个execution会先全部执行完毕，才会轮到antrun执行。

要实现"before -> antrun -> after"的执行顺序，有三种可靠方式：

方式一：利用生命周期阶段的先后顺序 #

将"before" echo绑定到compile阶段，antrun也绑定到compile，将"after" echo绑定到compile之后的阶段（比如process-classes），利用Maven生命周期的阶段顺序来控制执行：

<plugins>
  <plugin>
    <groupId>com.soebes.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>echo-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>0.5.0</version>
    <executions>
      <!-- 绑定到compile阶段，在antrun之前执行 -->
      <execution>
        <id>echo-before-antrun</id>
        <phase>compile</phase>
        <goals>
          <goal>echo</goal>
        </goals>
        <configuration>
          <echos>
            <echo>Before run plugin antrun.</echo>
          </echos>
        </configuration>
      </execution>
      
      <!-- 绑定到compile之后的process-classes阶段 -->
      <execution>
        <id>echo-after-antrun</id>
        <phase>process-classes</phase>
        <goals>
          <goal>echo</goal>
        </goals>
        <configuration>
          <echos>
            <echo>After run plugin antrun.</echo>
          </echos>
        </configuration>
      </execution>
    </executions>
  </plugin>

  <plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-antrun-plugin</artifactId>
    <executions>
      <execution>
        <id>antrun-execution</id>
        <phase>compile</phase>
        <configuration>
          <tasks>
            <!-- 你的ant任务 -->
          </tasks>
        </configuration>
        <goals>
          <goal>run</goal>
        </goals>
      </execution>
    </executions>
  </plugin>
</plugins>

方式二：同一阶段内指定执行顺序（Maven 3.3.1+） #

如果希望所有执行都在同一个阶段内完成，可以给每个execution添加execution-order配置（需Maven 3.3.1及以上版本），明确指定执行顺序：

<plugins>
  <plugin>
    <groupId>com.soebes.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>echo-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>0.5.0</version>
    <executions>
      <execution>
        <id>echo-before-antrun</id>
        <phase>compile</phase>
        <!-- 指定此执行先于antrun的execution -->
        <execution-order>before</execution-order>
        <goals>
          <goal>echo</goal>
        </goals>
        <configuration>
          <echos>
            <echo>Before run plugin antrun.</echo>
          </echos>
        </configuration>
      </execution>
      
      <execution>
        <id>echo-after-antrun</id>
        <phase>compile</phase>
        <!-- 指定此执行后于antrun的execution -->
        <execution-order>after</execution-order>
        <goals>
          <goal>echo</goal>
        </goals>
        <configuration>
          <echos>
            <echo>After run plugin antrun.</echo>
          </echos>
        </configuration>
      </execution>
    </executions>
  </plugin>

  <plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-antrun-plugin</artifactId>
    <executions>
      <execution>
        <id>antrun-execution</id>
        <phase>compile</phase>
        <configuration>
          <tasks>
            <!-- 你的ant任务 -->
          </tasks>
        </configuration>
        <goals>
          <goal>run</goal>
        </goals>
      </execution>
    </executions>
  </plugin>
</plugins>

方式三：直接在antrun任务中添加echo #

如果不需要单独使用echo-maven-plugin，可以直接在maven-antrun-plugin的tasks前后添加echo任务，这是最直接的方式：

<plugin>
  <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
  <artifactId>maven-antrun-plugin</artifactId>
  <executions>
    <execution>
      <id>antrun-with-echo</id>
      <phase>compile</phase>
      <configuration>
        <tasks>
          <echo>Before run plugin antrun.</echo>
          <!-- 你的ant任务 -->
          <echo>After run plugin antrun.</echo>
        </tasks>
      </configuration>
      <goals>
        <goal>run</goal>
      </goals>
    </execution>
  </executions>
</plugin>

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Jacek Karwatka